Open Access

Secondary ice production via processes like rime splintering, frozen droplet shattering, and breakup upon ice hydrometeor collision have been proposed to explain discrepancies between in-cloud ice crystal and ice-nucleating particle numbers. To understand the impact of this additional ice crystal generation on surface precipitation, we present one of the first studies to implement frozen droplet shattering and ice–ice collisional breakup parameterizations in a mesoscale model. [...]

Intensive agricultural production in the northwestern German region North Rhine-Westphalia demands water for irrigation. Future climate change is expected to impact the agricultural production conditions and to increase the regional irrigation demand. [...]

Interactions between the heterogenous land surface and the atmosphere play a fundamental role in the weather and climate system through their influence on the energy and water cycles. Global climate models (GCMs) currently have coarse horizontal grid resolutions in the order of 100 km. [...]

The RNA-binding protein Musashi 2 (MSI2) has emerged as an important regulator in cancer initiation, progression, and drug resistance. Translocations and deregulation of the MSI2 gene are diagnostic of certain cancers, including chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) with translocation t(7;17), acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with translocation t(10;17), and some cases of B-precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia (pB-ALL). [...]

An introduction to the parallel programming of supercomputers is given. The focus is on the usage of the Message Passing Interface (MPI), the most often used programming model for systems with distributed memory. [...]

An absolute scale match between experiment and simulation in atomic-resolution off-axis electron holography is demonstrated, with unknown experimental parameters determined directly from the recorded electron wave function using an automated numerical algorithm. We show that the local thickness and tilt of a pristine thin WSe2 flake can be measured uniquely, whereas some electron optical aberrations cannot be determined unambiguously for a periodic object. [...]

Assembly of rigid amyloid fibrils with their characteristic cross-β sheet structure is a molecular signature of numerous neurodegenerative and non-neuropathic disorders. Frequently large populations of small globular amyloid oligomers (gOs) and curvilinear fibrils (CFs) precede the formation of late-stage rigid fibrils (RFs), and have been implicated in amyloid toxicity. [...]

An introduction to the parallel programming of supercomputers is given. The focus is on the usage of the Message Passing Interface (MPI), the most often used programming model for systems with distributed memory. [...]