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BackgroundApplications of artificial intelligence (AI) are now widely used in medicine and are becoming increasingly more important.ObjectiveSome of the ethical challenges associated with the use of AI applications in medicine are highlighted.Material and methodsAgainst the backdrop of established ethical principles, several recent studies are cited and discussed from an ethical perspective.ConclusionThe AI is a disruptive technology that offers great benefits but also entails certain risks. Medical ethics provide principles that can be used to identify risks and develop strategies for the responsible implementation of AI applications..

Predictive analytics based on machine learning (ML) and artificial intelligence is a powerful tool enabling precision psychiatry and providing insights into brain-behavior relationships. However, given the mixed results observed in the field so far, making meaningful progress requires careful consideration of several key challenges to ensure the validity of models and findings, including overfitting, confounding biases, site effect harmonization, and interpretability, among others [...]

• Background and Aims In perennial crops, efficient resource acquisition critically depends on whole-plantarchitecture, encompassing both canopy and root systems. In grafted grapevine, research has largely focused onscion canopy structure, whereas root system architecture – despite its key role in water and nutrient uptake –remains underexplored. [...]

We propose a parareal based time parallelization scheme in the phase-space for the particle-in-Fourier (PIF) discretization of the Vlasov–Poisson system used in kinetic plasma simulations. We use PIF with a coarse tolerance for the nonuniform fast Fourier transforms, or the standard particle-in-cell scheme, combined with temporal coarsening, as coarse propagators. [...]

The amygdala is a subcortical region in the mesiotemporal lobe that plays a key role in emotional and sensory functions. Conventional neuroimaging experiments treat this structure as a single, uniform entity, but there is ample histological evidence for subregional heterogeneity in microstructure and function. [...]