Open Access

Rhizosphere models are typically 1D radial symmetric with the root as a boundary condition and root hairs as a reaction term (source/sink term). This rhizosphere representation comprises a model reduction for solute transport from 3D to 1D, which upscales the geometry of the root hairs. [...]

The functional complexity of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) arises from their structuraldynamics, spanning timescales from nanoseconds to minutes. Single-molecule Förster ResonanceEnergy Transfer (smFRET) enables direct observation of these dynamics in individual receptors, eitherfreely diffusing in solution, using confocal microscopy, or immobilized on surfaces, using Total InternalReflection Fluorescence (TIRF) camera-based microscopy. [...]

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