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000010006 084__ $$2WoS$$aEnvironmental Sciences
000010006 084__ $$2WoS$$aMeteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
000010006 1001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aKulkarni, G.$$b0
000010006 245__ $$aComparison of experimental and numerical studies of the performance characteristics of a pumped counterflow virtual impactor
000010006 260__ $$aPhiladelphia, Pa$$bTaylor & Francis$$c2011
000010006 300__ $$a382 - 392
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000010006 440_0 $$013041$$aAerosol Science and Technology$$v45$$x0278-6826$$y3
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000010006 500__ $$aFunding of this work was provided by the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory Aerosol and Climate Initiative and NOAA base funding. We wish to thank Karl Froyd for useful discussions.
000010006 520__ $$aExperiments and Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD) simulations were performed to evaluate the performance characteristics of a Pumped Counterflow Virtual Impactor (PCVI). The diameter at which 50% of the particles were transmitted was determined for various flow configurations. Experimentally determined 50% cut sizes varied from 2.2 to 4.8 micrometers and CFD predicted diameters agreed within +/- 0.4 micrometers. Both experimental and CFD results showed similar transmission efficiency (TE) curves. CFD TE was always greater than experimental results, most likely due to impaction losses in fittings not included in the simulations. Ideal transmission, corresponding to 100% TE, was never realized in either case due to impaction losses and small-scale flow features such as eddies. Areas where CFD simulations showed such flow recirculation zones were also found to be the locations where particulate residue was deposited during experiments. CFD parametric tests showed that PCVI performance can be affected by the nozzle geometry and misalignment between the nozzle and collector orifice. We conclude that CFD can be used with confidence for counter-flow virtual impactor (CVI) design. Modifications to improve the performance characteristics of the PCVI are suggested.
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000010006 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aPekour, M.$$b1
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000010006 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aMurphy, D.M.$$b3
000010006 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aCziczo, J.$$b4
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