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@ARTICLE{Liu:1002268,
      author       = {Liu, Lei and Morton, Y. Jade and Cheng, Pin-Hsuan and
                      Amores, Angel and Wright, Corwin J. and Hoffmann, Lars},
      title        = {{C}oncentric {T}raveling {I}onospheric {D}isturbances
                      ({CTID}s) {T}riggered by the 2022 {T}onga {V}olcanic
                      {E}ruption},
      journal      = {JGR / Space physics},
      volume       = {128},
      number       = {2},
      issn         = {0148-0227},
      address      = {Hoboken, NJ},
      publisher    = {Wiley},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2023-01250},
      pages        = {e2022JA030656},
      year         = {2023},
      abstract     = {This paper investigates concentric traveling ionospheric
                      disturbances (CTIDs) associated with the Tonga volcanic
                      eruption. Results show that: (a) two types of CTIDs (CTID #1
                      and CTID #2) were identified that traveled radially from
                      Tonga at the speed of 610–880 m/s (acoustic-mode) and
                      300–380 m/s (Lamb-mode), respectively. CTID #1 reached
                      3,800 and 5,000 km away from the eruption location toward
                      the directions of New Zealand and Australia, respectively.
                      CTID #2 propagated persistently for ∼9 hr over New Zealand
                      and Australia. (b) The CTID #2 wavefront changed after 08:35
                      UT over New Zealand, possibly due to a combination of
                      factors including the anisotropic propagation of CTID #2,
                      the regional geomagnetic declination, and westward-moving
                      Lamb waves. (c) Topside total electron content (TEC)
                      enhancement with a magnitude over two TECu was observed from
                      COSMIC-2 measurements. The enhancement agrees with CTID #1
                      peak from nearby ground-based TEC observations and could be
                      related to the upward propagation of the F layer’s CTID #1
                      signatures.},
      cin          = {JSC},
      ddc          = {520},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)JSC-20090406},
      pnm          = {5111 - Domain-Specific Simulation $\&$ Data Life Cycle Labs
                      (SDLs) and Research Groups (POF4-511)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-5111},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000949132200001},
      doi          = {10.1029/2022JA030656},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/1002268},
}