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@ARTICLE{Ampelli:1002270,
      author       = {Ampelli, Claudio and Giusi, Daniele and Miceli, Matteo and
                      Merdzhanova, Tsvetelina and Smirnov, Vladimir and Chime,
                      Ugochi and Astakhov, Oleksandr and Martin Fernandez, Antonio
                      and Veenstra, Florentine and Garcés-Pineda, Felipe and
                      Gonzalez-Cobos, Jesus and García-Tecedor, Miguel and
                      Gimenez, Sixto and Jaegermann, W. and Centi, Gabriele and
                      Pérez-Ramírez, J. and Galan-Mascaros, Jose and Perathoner,
                      Siglinda},
      title        = {{A}n artificial leaf device built with earth-abundant
                      materials for combined {H}2 production and storage as
                      formate with efficiency $\>$ $10\%$},
      journal      = {Energy $\&$ environmental science},
      volume       = {16},
      number       = {4},
      issn         = {1754-5692},
      address      = {Cambridge},
      publisher    = {RSC Publ.},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2023-01252},
      pages        = {1644-1661},
      year         = {2023},
      abstract     = {A major challenge for achieving the energy transition and
                      transforming the current energy model into distributed
                      productionis the development of efficient artificial
                      leaf-type devices capable of directly converting carbon
                      dioxide (CO2), water andsunlight into sustainable fuels and
                      chemicals under ambient conditions. These devices should
                      avoid using critical rawmaterials to be sustainable and
                      cost-competitive. We report top-level results for the first
                      time in converting CO2 and H2O tofuels (formate and H2)
                      using sunlight and electrodes based solely on earth-abundant
                      materials. The cell provides a solar-tofuelefficiency of> 10
                      $\%$ combined with world-record current densities to
                      comparable devices operating at roomtemperature, without
                      adding sacrificial donors or electrical bias. In addition,
                      we present the novel concept of producing atthe same time H2
                      and an H2-storage element (formate), the latter used to
                      produce H2 when light is absent. This solutionallows
                      continuous (24h) hydrogen production using an
                      artificial-leaf device. For the first time, we show the
                      feasibility of thissolution. The experimental results were
                      obtained in an optimised, compact electrochemical flow cell,
                      with electrodes basedon Cu-S and Ni-Fe-Zn oxide (for CO2
                      reduction and oxygen evolution reaction, respectively)
                      supported on gas-diffusionsubstrates, integrated with a
                      low-cost Si-based photovoltaic module. The cell design
                      allows for easy scale-up and lowmanufacturing and operating
                      costs. The cell operates at a current density of about 17
                      mA·cm–2 and a full-cell voltage of 2.5V (stable for at
                      least ten hours and in on-off operations), providing formate
                      productivity of 193 mol·h–1·cm–2, paving theway
                      towards the implementation of affordable artificial-leaf
                      type systems in the future energy scenario.},
      cin          = {IEK-5},
      ddc          = {690},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-5-20101013},
      pnm          = {1214 - Modules, stability, performance and specific
                      applications (POF4-121)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-1214},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000945108000001},
      doi          = {10.1039/D2EE03215E},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/1002270},
}