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@INPROCEEDINGS{Hilger:1006417,
      author       = {Hilger, Martin and Sarner, Stephan and Menzler, Norbert H.
                      and Gonzalez, Jesus and Guillon, Olivier},
      title        = {{C}losed-{L}oop {R}ecycling of {S}olid {O}xide {C}ells},
      school       = {RWTH University},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2023-01657},
      year         = {2023},
      abstract     = {Fuel Cells and Electrolyzers will play a significant role
                      in the futureenergy system and industry. Due to their high
                      flexibility andefficiencies, especially using
                      power-heat-coupling, Solid Oxide Cells(SOCs) are showing off
                      to be a promising technology on an industrialscale.As every
                      material-based technology SOCs face the increasinglyrelevant
                      question of resource efficiency and critical raw material
                      use.This results in the necessity of developing recovery
                      strategies along thewhole life cycle – from the raw
                      material procurement to the End-of-Life(EoL) or End-of-Use
                      (EoU) state. Large potential lays also within therecycling
                      of waste material during the cell manufacturing
                      process.Recovery methods for all major types of SOCs are
                      still not developedto scalable strategies however there
                      already exist first concepts for theseveral types as shown
                      in a recent overview publication by Sarner et al.[1].Using
                      the example of the fuel-electrode supported SOC, first
                      recyclingsteps with respect to the green support layer
                      composed of Ni(O) andstabilized zirconia (YSZ), the sintered
                      support layer with the adjacentfuel electrode (Ni(O) / YSZ
                      fine grained) and finally as complete half-cell including
                      the YSZ electrolyte have been characterized on the basisof a
                      master thesis performed in 2022.While direct recycling of
                      untreated substrate green tapes shows off tobe possible by
                      re-suspending it with solvent, the recovery of
                      sinteredmaterial – substrate and half-cells – comes
                      along with a slight influenceon sintering behavior and
                      microstructure, nevertheless seems to be afeasible way,
                      especially using tailored recyclate fractions.[1] Sarner S.,
                      Schreiber A., Menzler N.H., Guillon O. Adv. EnergyMat. 12
                      (2022), 2201805, 1-19},
      month         = {Mar},
      date          = {2023-03-27},
      organization  = {the 98th annual conference of DKG
                       (deutsche keramsiche Gesellschaft),
                       Jena (Germany), 27 Mar 2023 - 30 Mar
                       2023},
      subtyp        = {Other},
      cin          = {IEK-1},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-1-20101013},
      pnm          = {1231 - Electrochemistry for Hydrogen (POF4-123) / SOFC -
                      Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (SOFC-20140602)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-1231 / G:(DE-Juel1)SOFC-20140602},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)6},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/1006417},
}