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@ARTICLE{Chu:1006419,
      author       = {Chu, Congying and Holst, Sebastian C. and Elmenhorst,
                      Eva-Maria and Foerges, Anna L. and Li, Changhong and Lange,
                      Denise and Hennecke, Eva and Baur, Diego M. and Beer, Simone
                      and Hoffstaedter, Felix and Knudsen, Gitte M. and Aeschbach,
                      Daniel and Bauer, Andreas and Landolt, Hans-Peter and
                      Elmenhorst, David},
      title        = {{T}otal {S}leep {D}eprivation {I}ncreases {B}rain {A}ge
                      {P}rediction {R}eversibly in {M}ultisite {S}amples of
                      {Y}oung {H}ealthy {A}dults},
      journal      = {The journal of neuroscience},
      volume       = {43},
      number       = {12},
      issn         = {0270-6474},
      address      = {Washington, DC},
      publisher    = {Soc.},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2023-01659},
      pages        = {2168 - 2177},
      year         = {2023},
      abstract     = {Sleep loss pervasively affects the human brain at multiple
                      levels. Age-related changes in several sleep characteristics
                      indicate that reduced sleep quality is a frequent
                      characteristic of aging. Conversely, sleep disruption may
                      accelerate the aging process, yet it is not known what will
                      happen to the age status of the brain if we can manipulate
                      sleep conditions. To tackle this question, we used an
                      approach of brain age to investigate whether sleep loss
                      would cause age-related changes in the brain. We included
                      MRI data of 134 healthy volunteers (mean chronological age
                      of 25.3 between the age of 19 and 39 years, 42 females/92
                      males) from five datasets with different sleep conditions.
                      Across three datasets with the condition of total sleep
                      deprivation (>24 h of prolonged wakefulness), we
                      consistently observed that total sleep deprivation increased
                      brain age by 1–2 years regarding the group mean difference
                      with the baseline. Interestingly, after one night of
                      recovery sleep, brain age was not different from baseline.
                      We also demonstrated the associations between the change in
                      brain age after total sleep deprivation and the sleep
                      variables measured during the recovery night. By contrast,
                      brain age was not significantly changed by either acute (3 h
                      time-in-bed for one night) or chronic partial sleep
                      restriction (5 h time-in-bed for five continuous nights).
                      Together, the convergent findings indicate that acute total
                      sleep loss changes brain morphology in an aging-like
                      direction in young participants and that these changes are
                      reversible by recovery sleep.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Sleep is
                      fundamental for humans to maintain normal physical and
                      psychological functions. Experimental sleep deprivation is a
                      variable-controlling approach to engaging the brain among
                      different sleep conditions for investigating the responses
                      of the brain to sleep loss. Here, we quantified the response
                      of the brain to sleep deprivation by using the change of
                      brain age predictable with brain morphologic features. In
                      three independent datasets, we consistently found increased
                      brain age after total sleep deprivation, which was
                      associated with the change in sleep variables. Moreover, no
                      significant change in brain age was found after partial
                      sleep deprivation in another two datasets. Our study
                      provides new evidence to explain the brainwide effect of
                      sleep loss in an aging-like direction.},
      cin          = {INM-2},
      ddc          = {610},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)INM-2-20090406},
      pnm          = {5253 - Neuroimaging (POF4-525)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-5253},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {36804738},
      UT           = {WOS:000965044700010},
      doi          = {10.1523/JNEUROSCI.0790-22.2023},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/1006419},
}