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001006813 0247_ $$2doi$$a10.3390/microorganisms11020308
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001006813 1001_ $$00000-0003-1587-722X$$aWerner, Katharina A.$$b0
001006813 245__ $$aFate of Horizontal-Gene-Transfer Markers and Beta-Lactamase Genes during Thermophilic Composting of Human Excreta
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001006813 520__ $$aThermophilic composting is a suitable treatment for the recycling of organic wastes for agriculture. However, using human excreta as feedstock for composting raises concerns about antibiotic resistances. We analyzed samples from the start and end of a thermophilic composting trial of human excreta, together with green cuttings and straw, with and without biochar. Beta-lactamase genes blaCTX-M, blaIMP, and blaTEM conferring resistance to broad-spectrum beta-lactam antibiotics, as well as horizontal gene transfer marker genes, intI1 and korB, were quantified using qPCR. We found low concentrations of the beta-lactamase genes in all samples, with non-significant mean decreases in blaCTX-M and blaTEM copy numbers and a mean increase in blaIMP copy numbers. The decrease in both intI1 and korB genes from start to end of composting indicated that thermophilic composting can decrease the horizontal spread of resistance genes. Thus, thermophilic composting can be a suitable treatment for the recycling of human excreta.
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001006813 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aFeyen, Lara$$b1
001006813 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aHübner, Tobias$$b2
001006813 7001_ $$0P:(DE-Juel1)142357$$aBrüggemann, Nicolas$$b3$$ufzj
001006813 7001_ $$0P:(DE-Juel1)171851$$aProst, Katharina$$b4
001006813 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aGrohmann, Elisabeth$$b5$$eCorresponding author
001006813 773__ $$0PERI:(DE-600)2720891-6$$a10.3390/microorganisms11020308$$gVol. 11, no. 2, p. 308 -$$n2$$p308 -$$tMicroorganisms$$v11$$x2076-2607$$y2023
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