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@ARTICLE{Durmus:1007024,
      author       = {Durmus, Yasin Emre and Kaltenberg, Marcel and Dzieciol,
                      Krzysztof and Schalenbach, Maximilian and Gelman, Danny and
                      Shvartsev, Boris and Tempel, Hermann and Kungl, Hans and
                      Eichel, Rüdiger-A. and Ein-Eli, Yair},
      title        = {{B}reaking the passivity wall of metals: {E}xempli gratia
                      non-aqueous {T}i–air battery},
      journal      = {The chemical engineering journal},
      volume       = {461},
      issn         = {1385-8947},
      address      = {Amsterdam},
      publisher    = {Elsevier},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2023-01943},
      pages        = {141903 -},
      year         = {2023},
      abstract     = {A new multivalent metal–air battery employing Titanium
                      (Ti) as active material in EMIm(HF)2.3F room temperature
                      ionic liquid electrolyte is introduced. Ti metal is highly
                      attractive as it is a light metal that can possibly transfer
                      up to 4 electrons. The electrochemical behavior of Ti is
                      known for its passivity in various media. Here, we evaluated
                      the electrochemistry of Ti in EMIm(HF)2.3F with
                      potentiodynamic polarization and galvanostatic discharge
                      experiments. Ti–air battery could successfully be operated
                      under relatively high current densities (up to 0.75 mA
                      cm−2) with an average cell voltage of 1–1.2 V, yielding
                      up to a discharge capacity of 66 mAh cm−2. When its full
                      potential is harvested, such a metal–battery holds a
                      unique potential to be the only metal with 4 electrons
                      transfer during its discharge.},
      cin          = {IEK-9},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-9-20110218},
      pnm          = {1223 - Batteries in Application (POF4-122) / iNEW2.0
                      (BMBF-03SF0627A) / HITEC - Helmholtz Interdisciplinary
                      Doctoral Training in Energy and Climate Research (HITEC)
                      (HITEC-20170406)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-1223 / G:(DE-Juel1)BMBF-03SF0627A /
                      G:(DE-Juel1)HITEC-20170406},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000946312100001},
      doi          = {10.1016/j.cej.2023.141903},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/1007024},
}