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@ARTICLE{Krckemeier:1007373,
      author       = {Krückemeier, Lisa and Liu, Zhifa and Kirchartz, Thomas and
                      Rau, Uwe},
      title        = {{Q}uantifying {C}harge {E}xtraction and {R}ecombination
                      {U}sing the {R}ise and {D}ecay of the {T}ransient
                      {P}hotovoltage of {P}erovskite {S}olar {C}ells},
      journal      = {Advanced materials},
      volume       = {35},
      number       = {35},
      issn         = {0935-9648},
      address      = {Weinheim},
      publisher    = {Wiley-VCH},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2023-02038},
      pages        = {2300872},
      year         = {2023},
      abstract     = {The extraction of photogenerated charge carriers and the
                      generation of a photovoltage belong to the fundamental
                      functionalities of any solar cell. These processes happen
                      not instantaneously but rather come with finite time
                      constants, e.g., a time constant related to the rise of the
                      externally measured open circuit voltage following a short
                      light pulse. Herein, a new method to analyze transient
                      photovoltage measurements at different bias light
                      intensities combining rise and decay times of the
                      photovoltage. The approach uses a linearized version of a
                      system of two coupled differential equations that are solved
                      analytically by determining the eigenvalues of a 2 × 2
                      matrix. By comparison between the eigenvalues and the
                      measured rise and decay times during a transient
                      photovoltage measurement, the rates of carrier recombination
                      and extraction as a function of bias voltage are determined,
                      and establish a simple link between their ratio and the
                      efficiency losses in the perovskite solar cell.},
      cin          = {IEK-5},
      ddc          = {660},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-5-20101013},
      pnm          = {1215 - Simulations, Theory, Optics, and Analytics (STOA)
                      (POF4-121)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-1215},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {37147880},
      UT           = {WOS:001031871500001},
      doi          = {10.1002/adma.202300872},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/1007373},
}