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@ARTICLE{Brands:10079,
      author       = {Brands, K. and Uhlmann, D. and Smart, S. and Bram, M. and
                      Diniz da Costa, J.C.},
      title        = {{L}ong-term flue gas exposure effects of silica membranes
                      on porous steel substrate},
      journal      = {Journal of membrane science},
      volume       = {359},
      issn         = {0376-7388},
      address      = {New York, NY [u.a.]},
      publisher    = {Elsevier},
      reportid     = {PreJuSER-10079},
      pages        = {110 - 114},
      year         = {2010},
      note         = {The project "Nano-structured ceramic and metal supported
                      membranes for gas separation-METPORE" is funded by the
                      Bundeswirtschaftsministerium fur Wirtschaft und Technologie
                      (BMWi), Forderkennzeichen 0327746A. Funding is gratefully
                      acknowledged. The authors also acknowledge financial support
                      through the Innovation Funds given by the Queensland
                      Government (Australia), with further support in Australia
                      from Tarong Power, Stanwell Corporation and the Australian
                      Coal Association via the Centre for Low Emissions Technology
                      (www.clet.net), and in Germany by EnBW, E.ON and RWE. The
                      authors would like to thank D. Sebold for her help in
                      characterizing the membranes, F. Hauler, G. Gottlicher
                      (EnBW) and C. Blessing (EnBW) for experimental support.},
      abstract     = {In this work we investigate the long-term effects of
                      exposing an inorganic membrane for 1100 h in a flue gas
                      stream of a coal power plant. Of particular importance, from
                      an industrial testing perspective, was the effect of fly ash
                      deposition, water vapour and acid gases on the integrity of
                      the membrane made of cobalt silica coated on a substrate of
                      316L steel, with interlayers of 310S steel,
                      yttria-stabilized zirconia and gamma-alumina. Subsequent to
                      the flue gas testing, the membrane was characterized for
                      single gas permeance, SEM and EDX spectroscopy. Diffusion of
                      nickel and chromium during sintering was observed at the
                      interface of the 316L/310S steels, resulting in a reduced
                      capacity to withstand corrosion in this area. Single gas
                      permeation testing following flue gas exposure revealed a
                      maximum permeation of 1.85 x 10(-8) mol m(-2) s(-1) Pa-1 and
                      2.13 x 10(-8) mol m(-2) s(-1) Pa-1 for helium and hydrogen
                      respectively, and selectivity of 5.1 and 5.2 for He/N-2 and
                      H-2/CO2 respectively, was achieved at a pressure difference
                      of 2 x 10(5) Pa (2 bar) at 200 degrees C. The permeation
                      behavior of the membrane appeared to be altered as a result
                      of flue gas exposure with the membrane displaying a reduced
                      H2 flux in contrast to an unexposed but otherwise identical
                      membrane which displayed fluxes an order of magnitude higher
                      than the membrane used in the power plant. This change in
                      permeation behavior was thought to be the result of
                      densification of the silica matrix following long-term
                      exposure to flue gas containing water vapour.
                      Micro-fractures in the surface of the cobalt silica gas
                      separation layer were also observed, possibly the result of
                      expansion due to corrosion. However, bulk diffusion was not
                      observed suggesting that the layer was not completely
                      compromised. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.},
      keywords     = {J (WoSType)},
      cin          = {IEF-1},
      ddc          = {570},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)VDB809},
      pnm          = {Rationelle Energieumwandlung},
      pid          = {G:(DE-Juel1)FUEK402},
      shelfmark    = {Engineering, Chemical / Polymer Science},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000279953300013},
      doi          = {10.1016/j.memsci.2010.02.065},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/10079},
}