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@INPROCEEDINGS{Shimoura:1009076,
      author       = {Shimoura, Renan and Roque, Antonio Carlos and van Albada,
                      Sacha},
      title        = {{V}isual alpha generators in a full-density spiking
                      thalamocortical model},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2023-02624},
      year         = {2023},
      abstract     = {The alpha rhythm (~10 Hz) is a prominent feature in the
                      electroencephalograms of various mammals and is associated
                      with reduced visual attention and with functions such as
                      timing regulation and transmission facilitation [1].
                      Although the exact mechanism of alpha rhythm generation is
                      still unclear, the thalamus and cortex have been proposed as
                      possible protagonists. In this study, a full-density spiking
                      thalamocortical model of neural circuits in the primary
                      visual cortex and the lateral geniculate nucleus was built
                      using the NEST simulator, to investigate two potential alpha
                      rhythm generators. The first mechanism involves rhythmic
                      bursts produced by pyramidal neurons in layer 5 at around 10
                      Hz [2], while the second mechanism relies on a
                      thalamocortical loop delay of approximately 100 ms [3]. The
                      model comprises excitatory and inhibitory populations of
                      adaptive exponential integrate-and-fire model neurons. The
                      resulting spiking activity was recorded and compared with
                      experimental data using power spectra and Granger causality
                      analysis. The results indicate that both mechanisms can
                      generate and spread alpha oscillations but with different
                      laminar patterns. The first mechanism suggests that the
                      alpha rhythm mainly originates in layers 5 and 2/3 (similar
                      as in [4]), while the second mechanism points to layers 4
                      and 6 (similar as in [5]). Combining both mechanisms results
                      in a summation of effects, with the alpha range emanating
                      from all layers. The findings suggest that the two
                      mechanisms may contribute differently to alpha rhythms, with
                      distinct laminar patterns, and may be expressed either
                      separately or in tandem under different conditions.},
      month         = {Jun},
      date          = {2023-06-15},
      organization  = {NEST Conference 2023, virtual
                       (virtual), 15 Jun 2023 - 16 Jun 2023},
      subtyp        = {Other},
      cin          = {INM-6 / IAS-6 / INM-10},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)INM-6-20090406 / I:(DE-Juel1)IAS-6-20130828 /
                      I:(DE-Juel1)INM-10-20170113},
      pnm          = {5231 - Neuroscientific Foundations (POF4-523) / HBP SGA2 -
                      Human Brain Project Specific Grant Agreement 2 (785907) /
                      HBP SGA3 - Human Brain Project Specific Grant Agreement 3
                      (945539) / DFG project 347572269 - Heterogenität von
                      Zytoarchitektur, Chemoarchitektur und Konnektivität in
                      einem großskaligen Computermodell der menschlichen
                      Großhirnrinde (347572269)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-5231 / G:(EU-Grant)785907 /
                      G:(EU-Grant)945539 / G:(GEPRIS)347572269},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)6},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/1009076},
}