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@ARTICLE{Weber:1009125,
      author       = {Weber, Moritz and Sohn, Yoo Jung and Dittmann, Regina and
                      Waser, R. and Menzler, Norbert and Guillon, Olivier and
                      Lenser, Christian and Nemšák, Slavomír and Gunkel, Felix},
      title        = {{R}eversibility limitations of metal exsolution reactions
                      in niobium and nickel co-doped strontium titanate},
      journal      = {Journal of materials chemistry / A},
      volume       = {11},
      number       = {33},
      issn         = {2050-7488},
      address      = {London ˜[u.a.]œ},
      publisher    = {RSC},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2023-02655},
      pages        = {17718-17727},
      year         = {2023},
      abstract     = {Metal exsolution reactions enable the preparation of
                      metal-oxide nano-composites from oxide parent materials in a
                      single thermal reduction step. In this process, reducible
                      metals are released from the doped oxide and nucleate in the
                      form of finely dispersed, supported nanoparticles. A
                      reversible exsolution and re-dissolution reaction could
                      provide an effective way to regenerate catalysts, where the
                      surface structure and functionality dynamically adapt to the
                      ambient gas environment. However, the reversibility of
                      exsolution reactions is often limited. We investigate
                      reversibility limitations in the niobium and nickel co-doped
                      perovskite SrTi0.95−xNb0.05NixO3−δ with varying Ni
                      doping concentrations between x = 0.005–0.1. Combined
                      morphological, structural and chemical analyses of the
                      material response upon consecutive thermal treatments in
                      reducing and oxidizing environments reveal a non-correlated
                      bulk and surface response of the material upon redox
                      treatment. While the bulk structural changes are mostly
                      reversible, no re-dissolution of the exsolved surface
                      nanoparticles is detected for the investigated
                      time–temperature window (T = 800 °C, t = 5 h for
                      reduction and reoxidation, respectively). Instead, a
                      modification in the nanoparticle distribution and an
                      increased surface wetting of the support by the exsolved
                      metal species are observed upon reoxidation of the
                      nanoparticles.},
      cin          = {PGI-7 / JARA-FIT / IEK-1},
      ddc          = {530},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)PGI-7-20110106 / $I:(DE-82)080009_20140620$ /
                      I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-1-20101013},
      pnm          = {5233 - Memristive Materials and Devices (POF4-523)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-5233},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:001043383600001},
      doi          = {10.1039/D3TA02927A},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/1009125},
}