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@ARTICLE{Rhode:1009280,
      author       = {Rhode, Sebastian and Preusse, Peter and Ern, Manfred and
                      Ungermann, Jörn and Krasauskas, Lukas and Bacmeister, Julio
                      and Riese, Martin},
      title        = {{A} mountain ridge model for quantifying oblique mountain
                      wave propagation and distribution},
      journal      = {Atmospheric chemistry and physics},
      volume       = {23},
      number       = {14},
      issn         = {1680-7316},
      address      = {Katlenburg-Lindau},
      publisher    = {EGU},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2023-02731},
      pages        = {7901 - 7934},
      year         = {2023},
      abstract     = {Following the current understanding of gravity waves (GWs)
                      and especially mountain waves (MWs), they have a high
                      potential for horizontal propagation from their source. This
                      horizontal propagation and therefore the transport of energy
                      is usually not well represented in MW parameterizations of
                      numerical weather prediction and general circulation models.
                      In this study, we present a mountain wave model (MWM) for
                      the quantification of horizontal propagation of orographic
                      gravity waves. This model determines MW source locations
                      from topography data and estimates MW parameters from a fit
                      of idealized Gaussian-shaped mountains to the elevation.
                      Propagation and refraction of these MWs in the atmosphere
                      are modeled using the Gravity-wave Regional Or Global Ray
                      Tracer (GROGRAT). Ray tracing of each MW individually allows
                      for an estimation of momentum transport due to both vertical
                      and horizontal propagation. The MWM is a capable tool for
                      the analysis of MW propagation and global MW activity and
                      can support the understanding of observations and
                      improvement of MW parameterizations in GCMs. This study
                      presents the model itself and gives validations of
                      MW-induced temperature perturbations to ECMWF Integrated
                      Forecast System (IFS) numerical weather prediction data and
                      estimations of GW momentum flux (GWMF) compared to HIgh
                      Resolution Dynamics Limb Sounder (HIRDLS) satellite
                      observations. The MWM is capable of reproducing the general
                      features and amplitudes of both of these data sets and, in
                      addition, is used to explain some observational features by
                      investigating MW parameters along their trajectories.},
      cin          = {IEK-7},
      ddc          = {550},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-7-20101013},
      pnm          = {2112 - Climate Feedbacks (POF4-211) / Verbundprojekt
                      QUBICC: Rolle der mittleren Atmosphäre bezogen auf das
                      Klima (ROMIC II) - Teilprojekt 3: Tropische Wellen aus
                      Beobachtungen und Reanalysen (01LG1905C) / Rolle der
                      mittleren Atmosphäre bezogen auf das Klima (ROMIC-II) -
                      Verbundprojekt WASCLIM - Teilprojekt 4: GLORIA Beobachtungen
                      und Source Transfer Parametrisation (STP) (01LG1907D)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-2112 / G:(BMBF)01LG1905C /
                      G:(BMBF)01LG1907D},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:001030413300001},
      doi          = {10.5194/acp-23-7901-2023},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/1009280},
}