TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bloch, Carola
AU  - Viswanathan, Shivakumar
AU  - Tepest, Ralf
AU  - Jording, Mathis
AU  - Falter-Wagner, Christine M.
AU  - Vogeley, Kai
TI  - Differentiated, rather than shared, strategies for time-coordinated action in social and non-social domains in autistic individuals
JO  - Cortex
VL  - 166
SN  - 0010-9452
CY  - New York, NY
PB  - Elsevier
M1  - FZJ-2023-03005
SP  - 207 - 232
PY  - 2023
AB  - Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition with a highly heterogeneous adult phenotype that includes social and non-social behavioral characteristics. The link between the characteristics assignable to the different domains remains unresolved. One possibility is that social and non-social behaviors in autism are modulated by a common underlying deficit. However, here we report evidence supporting an alternative concept that is individual-centered rather than deficit-centered. Individuals are assumed to have a distinctive style in the strategies they adopt to perform social and non-social tasks with these styles presumably being structured differently between autistic individuals and typically-developed (TD) individuals. We tested this hypothesis for the execution of time-coordinated (synchronized) actions. Participants performed (i) a social task that required synchronized gaze and pointing actions to interact with another person, and (ii) a non-social task that required finger-tapping actions synchronized to periodic stimuli at different time-scales and sensory modalities. In both tasks, synchronization behavior differed between ASD and TD groups. However, a principal component analysis of individual behaviors across tasks revealed associations between social and non-social features for the TD persons but such cross-domain associations were strikingly absent for autistic individuals. The highly differentiated strategies between domains in ASD are inconsistent with a general synchronization deficit and instead highlight the individualized developmental heterogeneity in the acquisition of domain-specific behaviors. We propose a cognitive model to help disentangle individual-centered from deficit-centered effects in other domains. Our findings reinforce the importance to identify individually differentiated phenotypes to personalize autism therapies.Keywords: Adults; Autism; Cross-domain; Neurodevelopmental conditions; Synchronization.
LB  - PUB:(DE-HGF)16
C6  - 37393703
UR  - <Go to ISI:>//WOS:001028749100001
DO  - DOI:10.1016/j.cortex.2023.05.008
UR  - https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/1010194
ER  -