001010198 001__ 1010198 001010198 005__ 20240221203053.0 001010198 0247_ $$2doi$$a10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1209485 001010198 0247_ $$2datacite_doi$$a10.34734/FZJ-2023-03009 001010198 0247_ $$2pmid$$a37484669 001010198 0247_ $$2WOS$$aWOS:001033177700001 001010198 037__ $$aFZJ-2023-03009 001010198 082__ $$a610 001010198 1001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aTheisen, Christian$$b0$$eCorresponding author 001010198 245__ $$aThe heterogeneity of attenuated and brief limited psychotic symptoms: association of contents with age, sex, country, religion, comorbidities, and functioning 001010198 260__ $$aLausanne$$bFrontiers Research Foundation$$c2023 001010198 3367_ $$2DRIVER$$aarticle 001010198 3367_ $$2DataCite$$aOutput Types/Journal article 001010198 3367_ $$0PUB:(DE-HGF)16$$2PUB:(DE-HGF)$$aJournal Article$$bjournal$$mjournal$$s1708521838_8381 001010198 3367_ $$2BibTeX$$aARTICLE 001010198 3367_ $$2ORCID$$aJOURNAL_ARTICLE 001010198 3367_ $$00$$2EndNote$$aJournal Article 001010198 520__ $$aIntroduction: The Attenuated Psychosis Symptoms (APS) syndrome mostly represents the ultra-high-risk state of psychosis but, as does the Brief Intermittent Psychotic Symptoms (BIPS) syndrome, shows a large variance in conversion rates. This may be due to the heterogeneity of APS/BIPS that may be related to the effects of culture, sex, age, and other psychiatric morbidities. Thus, we investigated the different thematic contents of APS and their association with sex, age, country, religion, comorbidity, and functioning to gain a better understanding of the psychosis-risk syndrome.Method: A sample of 232 clinical high-risk subjects according to the ultra-high risk and basic symptom criteria was recruited as part of a European study conducted in Germany, Italy, Switzerland, and Finland. Case vignettes, originally used for supervision of inclusion criteria, were investigated for APS/BIPS contents, which were compared for sex, age, country, religion, functioning, and comorbidities using chi-squared tests and regression analyses.Result: We extracted 109 different contents, mainly of APS (96.8%): 63 delusional, 29 hallucinatory, and 17 speech-disorganized contents. Only 20 contents (18.3%) were present in at least 5% of the sample, with paranoid and referential ideas being the most frequent. Thirty-one (28.5%) contents, in particular, bizarre ideas and perceptual abnormalities, demonstrated an association with age, country, comorbidity, or functioning, with regression models of country and obsessive-compulsive disorders explaining most of the variance: 55.8 and 38.3%, respectively. Contents did not differ between religious groups.Conclusion: Psychosis-risk patients report a wide range of different contents of APS/BIPS, underlining the psychopathological heterogeneity of this group but also revealing a potential core set of contents. Compared to earlier reports on North-American samples, our maximum prevalence rates of contents were considerably lower; this likely being related to a stricter rating of APS/BIPS and cultural influences, in particular, higher schizotypy reported in North-America. The various associations of some APS/BIPS contents with country, age, comorbidities, and functioning might moderate their clinical severity and, consequently, the related risk for psychosis and/or persistent functional disability. 001010198 536__ $$0G:(DE-HGF)POF4-5251$$a5251 - Multilevel Brain Organization and Variability (POF4-525)$$cPOF4-525$$fPOF IV$$x0 001010198 536__ $$0G:(GEPRIS)491111487$$aDFG project 491111487 - Open-Access-Publikationskosten / 2022 - 2024 / Forschungszentrum Jülich (OAPKFZJ) (491111487)$$c491111487$$x1 001010198 588__ $$aDataset connected to CrossRef, Journals: juser.fz-juelich.de 001010198 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aRosen, Marlene$$b1 001010198 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aMeisenzahl, Eva$$b2 001010198 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aKoutsouleris, Nikolaos$$b3 001010198 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aLichtenstein, Theresa$$b4 001010198 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aRuhrmann, Stephan$$b5 001010198 7001_ $$0P:(DE-Juel1)188257$$aKambeitz, Joseph$$b6 001010198 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aKambeitz-Ilankovic, Lana$$b7 001010198 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aRiecher-Rössler, Anita$$b8 001010198 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aChisholm, Katharine$$b9 001010198 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aUpthegrove, Rachel$$b10 001010198 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aAntonucci, Linda A.$$b11 001010198 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aBertolino, Alessandro$$b12 001010198 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aPigoni, Alessandro$$b13 001010198 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aSalokangas, Raimo K. 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