TY  - JOUR
AU  - Theisen, Christian
AU  - Rosen, Marlene
AU  - Meisenzahl, Eva
AU  - Koutsouleris, Nikolaos
AU  - Lichtenstein, Theresa
AU  - Ruhrmann, Stephan
AU  - Kambeitz, Joseph
AU  - Kambeitz-Ilankovic, Lana
AU  - Riecher-Rössler, Anita
AU  - Chisholm, Katharine
AU  - Upthegrove, Rachel
AU  - Antonucci, Linda A.
AU  - Bertolino, Alessandro
AU  - Pigoni, Alessandro
AU  - Salokangas, Raimo K. R.
AU  - Pantelis, Christos
AU  - Wood, Stephen J.
AU  - Lencer, Rebekka
AU  - Falkai, Peter
AU  - Hietala, Jarmo
AU  - Brambilla, Paolo
AU  - Schmidt, André
AU  - Andreou, Christina
AU  - Borgwardt, Stefan
AU  - Osman, Naweed
AU  - Schultze-Lutter, Frauke
TI  - The heterogeneity of attenuated and brief limited psychotic symptoms: association of contents with age, sex, country, religion, comorbidities, and functioning
JO  - Frontiers in psychiatry
VL  - 14
SN  - 1664-0640
CY  - Lausanne
PB  - Frontiers Research Foundation
M1  - FZJ-2023-03009
SP  - 1209485
PY  - 2023
AB  - Introduction: The Attenuated Psychosis Symptoms (APS) syndrome mostly represents the ultra-high-risk state of psychosis but, as does the Brief Intermittent Psychotic Symptoms (BIPS) syndrome, shows a large variance in conversion rates. This may be due to the heterogeneity of APS/BIPS that may be related to the effects of culture, sex, age, and other psychiatric morbidities. Thus, we investigated the different thematic contents of APS and their association with sex, age, country, religion, comorbidity, and functioning to gain a better understanding of the psychosis-risk syndrome.Method: A sample of 232 clinical high-risk subjects according to the ultra-high risk and basic symptom criteria was recruited as part of a European study conducted in Germany, Italy, Switzerland, and Finland. Case vignettes, originally used for supervision of inclusion criteria, were investigated for APS/BIPS contents, which were compared for sex, age, country, religion, functioning, and comorbidities using chi-squared tests and regression analyses.Result: We extracted 109 different contents, mainly of APS (96.8%): 63 delusional, 29 hallucinatory, and 17 speech-disorganized contents. Only 20 contents (18.3%) were present in at least 5% of the sample, with paranoid and referential ideas being the most frequent. Thirty-one (28.5%) contents, in particular, bizarre ideas and perceptual abnormalities, demonstrated an association with age, country, comorbidity, or functioning, with regression models of country and obsessive-compulsive disorders explaining most of the variance: 55.8 and 38.3%, respectively. Contents did not differ between religious groups.Conclusion: Psychosis-risk patients report a wide range of different contents of APS/BIPS, underlining the psychopathological heterogeneity of this group but also revealing a potential core set of contents. Compared to earlier reports on North-American samples, our maximum prevalence rates of contents were considerably lower; this likely being related to a stricter rating of APS/BIPS and cultural influences, in particular, higher schizotypy reported in North-America. The various associations of some APS/BIPS contents with country, age, comorbidities, and functioning might moderate their clinical severity and, consequently, the related risk for psychosis and/or persistent functional disability.
LB  - PUB:(DE-HGF)16
C6  - 37484669
UR  - <Go to ISI:>//WOS:001033177700001
DO  - DOI:10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1209485
UR  - https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/1010198
ER  -