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@ARTICLE{Kriehuber:1010517,
      author       = {Kriehuber, Ralf and Kadenbach, K. and Schultz, F. and
                      Weiss, D.-G.},
      title        = {{S}tudy on cell survival, induction of apoptosis and
                      micronucleus formation in {SCL}‐{II} cells after exposure
                      to the auger electron emitter 99m {T}c},
      journal      = {International journal of radiation biology},
      volume       = {80},
      number       = {11-12},
      issn         = {0020-7616},
      address      = {Abingdon},
      publisher    = {Informa Healthcare},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2023-03100},
      pages        = {875 - 880},
      year         = {2004},
      abstract     = {Objective: To study the biological effectiveness of Auger
                      electrons emitted by (99m)Tc on cell survival, induction of
                      apoptosis and micronucleus (MN) formation in the human
                      squamous cell carcinoma cell line SCL-II and compare the
                      effects observed to those observed after exposure to
                      external 60Co gamma radiation.Material and methods: Cells
                      were either gamma(60Co)-irradiated (0.67 Gy/min) or exposed
                      to (99m)Tc-pertechnetate (0.95-14.3 MBq/ml) for 24 h under
                      cell culture conditions and assayed for cell survival
                      (colony-forming assay), micronucleus formation (cytochalasin
                      B assay) and the frequency of apoptotic cells (fluorescence
                      microscopy). Monte Carlo based dosimetry has been applied to
                      derive the absorbed dose corresponding to the accumulated
                      decays of (99m)Tc under the given geometry.Results: Absorbed
                      doses up to 0.5 Gy could be achieved after 99mTc-exposure
                      leading to no substantial cell killing in this dose range
                      except at one dose point (0.1 Gy) resulting in an relative
                      biological effectiveness (RBE)SF 0.9 of 0.64 when compared
                      to the 60Co reference radiation. MN formation was described
                      best by a linear dose response and was consistently lower
                      after 99mTc exposure when compared to 60Co irradiated cells
                      resulting in an RBE of 0.37. Apoptosis induction was
                      significantly increased after 99mTc exposure at much lower
                      doses (0.1 Gy) when compared to the reference radiation. The
                      (99m)Tc uptake experiments revealed an activity
                      concentration ratio cells vs. medium of 0.07 after 24 h of
                      exposure.Conclusion: No overall increased biological
                      effectiveness due to the emitted Auger electrons of (99m)Tc,
                      applied as sodium-pertechnetate, could be observed in the
                      investigated cell line when compared to acute external gamma
                      radiation. The RBEs in the range of 0.37-0.64 might be well
                      explained by dose rate effects. The significantly increased
                      apoptotic response after (99m)Tc-exposure at very low doses
                      has to be further investigated.},
      cin          = {S-US},
      ddc          = {570},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)S-US-20090406},
      pnm          = {899 - ohne Topic (POF4-899)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-899},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {15764396},
      UT           = {WOS:000226521200012},
      doi          = {10.1080/09553000400017705},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/1010517},
}