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001014743 1001_ $$0P:(DE-Juel1)195944$$aKaandorp, Mikael$$b0$$eCorresponding author
001014743 245__ $$aGlobal mass of buoyant marine plastics dominated by large long-lived debris
001014743 260__ $$aLondon$$bNature Publ. Group$$c2023
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001014743 520__ $$aThe fate of plastics that enter the ocean is a longstanding puzzle. Recent estimates of the oceanic input of plastic are one to two orders of magnitude larger than the amount measured floating at the surface. This discrepancy could be due to overestimation of input estimates, processes removing plastic from the surface ocean or fragmentation and degradation. Here we present a 3D global marine mass budget of buoyant plastics that resolves this discrepancy. We assimilate observational data from different marine reservoirs, including coastlines, the ocean surface, and the deep ocean, into a numerical model, considering particle sizes of 0.1–1,600.0 mm. We find that larger plastics (>25 mm) contribute to more than 95% of the initially buoyant marine plastic mass: 3,100 out of 3,200 kilotonnes for the year 2020. Our model estimates an ocean plastic input of about 500 kilotonnes per year, less than previous estimates. Together, our estimated total amount and annual input of buoyant marine plastic litter suggest there is no missing sink of marine plastic pollution. The results support higher residence times of plastics in the marine environment compared with previous model studies, in line with observational evidence. Long-lived plastic pollution in the world’s oceans, which our model suggests is continuing to increase, could negatively impact ecosystems without countermeasures and prevention strategies.
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001014743 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aLobelle, Delphine$$b1
001014743 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aKehl, Christian$$b2
001014743 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aDijkstra, Henk A.$$b3
001014743 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$avan Sebille, Erik$$b4
001014743 773__ $$0PERI:(DE-600)2396648-8$$a10.1038/s41561-023-01216-0$$gVol. 16, no. 8, p. 689 - 694$$n8$$p689 - 694$$tNature geoscience$$v16$$x1752-0894$$y2023
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