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@PHDTHESIS{Karim:10152,
      author       = {Karim, Kamran Said},
      title        = {{H}erstellung polykristalliner {S}zintillatoren für die
                      {P}ositronen-{E}missions-{T}omographie ({PET})},
      volume       = {55},
      issn         = {1866-1793},
      school       = {Univ. Bochum},
      type         = {Dr. (Univ.)},
      address      = {Jülich},
      publisher    = {Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH Zentralbibliothek, Verlag},
      reportid     = {PreJuSER-10152},
      isbn         = {978-3-89336-610-1},
      series       = {Schriften des Forschungszentrums Jülich : Energie $\&$
                      Umwelt / Energy $\&$ Environment},
      pages        = {VI, 154 S.},
      year         = {2010},
      note         = {Record converted from VDB: 12.11.2012; Univ. Bochum, Diss.,
                      2010},
      abstract     = {Transparent ceramics are becoming more and more important
                      for two new types of applications. On the one hand in cases
                      where high mechanical and thermal demands in combination
                      with optical properties are required, on the other hand
                      where the optical properties of transparent materials like
                      glass are not sufficient e.g. in positronemission-tomography
                      (PET) diagnostics. Most state of the art PET-scanners are
                      using high-priced single crystals as scintillator material.
                      The technological challenge is to replace single crystal by
                      cost-efficient transparent ceramics. Producing transparent
                      ceramics is ordered in synthesis of the powders and in
                      manufacturing of these into transparent ceramics. The aim of
                      this work was to synthesize single phase yttrium-alumina-and
                      Luthetiumalumina- garnet (YAG, LuAG) powders partially doped
                      with neodymium or praseodymium by four different synthesis
                      routes (Pechini-synthesis, sol-gel-route, coprecipitation
                      and solid state reactions). Additionally industrial LuAG and
                      LuPO4 powders were characterized and manufactured. The
                      powders were processed as submicron- and nanopowders. Newly
                      produced single-phase powders were homgenized with additions
                      of sintering additives like tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS)
                      and binders like polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). Moulding the
                      powders were carried out by unaxial pressing, cold isostatic
                      pressing and in individual cases also by slip casting. The
                      achieved green densities were in a range of 25-42 $\%.$
                      Examination of calcination behaviour leads to a calcination
                      temperature of 1000 °C with 2 hours dwell time in air
                      atmosphere. Only solid state reactions resulted into
                      transparent YAG, YAG:Pr, LuAG, LuAG:Pr ceramics. Solid state
                      reactions of nanopowders resulted in heterogeneously
                      transparent samples. Ceramics made by powders of other
                      synthetic routes gave nontransparent ceramics due to
                      porosity and additional phases. Transmission measurements of
                      the manufactured transparent ceramics showed in classical
                      one step sintering and two step sintering program
                      significant lower transmission than respectitive single
                      crystals but similar transmission compared to ceramics
                      reported in literature.},
      cin          = {IEF-1},
      ddc          = {333.7},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)VDB809},
      pnm          = {Rationelle Energieumwandlung},
      pid          = {G:(DE-Juel1)FUEK402},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)11 / PUB:(DE-HGF)3},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/10152},
}