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@ARTICLE{Bernhard:1016830,
      author       = {Bernhard, David and Kadyk, Thomas and Kirsch, Sebastian and
                      Scholz, Hannes and Krewer, Ulrike},
      title        = {{M}odel-assisted analysis and prediction of activity
                      degradation in {PEM}-fuel cell cathodes},
      journal      = {Journal of power sources},
      volume       = {562},
      issn         = {0378-7753},
      address      = {New York, NY [u.a.]},
      publisher    = {Elsevier},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2023-03814},
      pages        = {232771},
      year         = {2023},
      abstract     = {This work presents a model for the prediction and analysis
                      of voltage losses in proton exchange membrane fuel cells
                      arising from accelerated stress testing. It consists of two
                      submodels. The first submodel uses a statistical
                      physics-based population balance approach to describe the
                      degradation of the catalyst active surface. It is combined
                      with a performance submodel that allows incorporating the
                      degradation of the catalyst activity. During testing, a
                      dedicated diagnostic procedure is used to determine the cell
                      performance and the cathode properties, like the
                      electrochemical active surface area, during the stress
                      tests. It was found that the change of the catalyst
                      activity, described by Tafel slope and exchange current
                      density, correlates with the change in active surface area.
                      The model allows the description of catalyst surface
                      reduction, changes of Tafel slope and exchange current
                      density as well as voltage losses. We find that the voltage
                      losses attributed to the loss of electrochemical active
                      surface area are minor, while the dominant factor is the
                      change of the Tafel-slope. Accordingly, this study shows
                      that during PEM-FC cathode degradation studies the Tafel
                      slope should be the most relevant metric. The model
                      describes the experimental data with a standard deviation of
                      7.1 mV in a range of 0–2.0 A/cm. The model is intended to
                      be used as a building block for the prediction of
                      performance losses of PEM fuel cells under drive cycle
                      conditions.},
      cin          = {IEK-13},
      ddc          = {620},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-13-20190226},
      pnm          = {1231 - Electrochemistry for Hydrogen (POF4-123)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-1231},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000931874900001},
      doi          = {10.1016/j.jpowsour.2023.232771},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/1016830},
}