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@PHDTHESIS{Li:1017548,
      author       = {Li, Zhijie},
      title        = {{E}ffect of organic soil amendments on increasing soil {N}
                      retention and reducing {N} losses from agricultural soils},
      volume       = {616},
      school       = {Univ. Bonn},
      type         = {Dissertation},
      address      = {Jülich},
      publisher    = {Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2023-04188},
      isbn         = {978-3-95806-721-9},
      series       = {Schriften des Forschungszentrums Jülich Reihe Energie $\&$
                      Umwelt / Energy $\&$ Environment},
      pages        = {XI, 134},
      year         = {2023},
      note         = {Dissertation, Univ. Bonn, 2023},
      abstract     = {Loss of soil N through nitrous oxide (N2O), ammonia (NH3)
                      emissions, and nitrate (NO3–) leaching is considered to be
                      the main pathways leading to environmental pollution.
                      Applying high carbon amendments (HCA) may mitigate N2O
                      emission and NO3 – leaching. After HCAaddition, soil
                      microbes are stimulated to immobilize excess mineral
                      nitrogen (N) from the soil, which is running at risk of
                      getting lost in gaseous or dissolved form, to maintain the
                      microbial C:N ratio of about 7. Moreover, the effect of
                      carbon (C) availability on soil N content is moderated by
                      phosphorus (P) availability, but so far, this aspect has not
                      been adequately studied. Therefore, this thesis aimed to
                      investigate the potential response patterns of soil N
                      retention to changes in soil C, N, and P availability.
                      Chapter 2 used a meta-analysis to explore the effect of HCA
                      on soil N retention at different locations, and for
                      different climatic and soil conditions, and agricultural
                      management strategies. On average, HCA incorporation
                      stimulated N2O emissions significantly by $29.7\%$ but
                      decreased NO3 – leaching by $14.4\%.$ Chapter 3
                      investigated the impact of HCA on soil N dynamics at
                      different P levels and soil types ((nutrient-rich silty soil
                      (RUS), nutrient-rich sandy soil (RSS), and nutrient-poor
                      silty soil (PUS)). The results revealed that the effect of
                      HCA on PUS was not significant. Compared with leonardite,
                      wheat straw and sawdust significantly increased CO2 emission
                      and microbial biomass C in RUS, implying that the initial
                      soil nutrient status is the determining factor for HCA
                      degradation, and N dynamics in soil are strongly controlled
                      by C and P availability. Chapter 4 was an incubation
                      experiment with a factorial design of one N level × two P
                      levels × six C amendments. The added C amount in the form
                      of 13C-glucose was $20\%$ of the total C content of HCA.
                      Compared with the control, HCA addition increased the
                      microbial biomass C and N but decreased the NO3 – content
                      in the soil. The δ13C of the microbial biomass (δ13C-MB)
                      and 13C recovery in MBC showed an increasing trend. HCA
                      decreased the δ13C-MB, while P addition had the opposite
                      effect. Hence, the labile glucose C was more readily
                      available to microbes and probably formed stable substances
                      that remain in the microbial community for along time rather
                      than being lost rapidly. Chapter 5 presents data of a
                      two-year lysimeter experiment. Compost was applied to assess
                      the effect of nutrient-rich HCA on soil N retention and crop
                      yield at different P levels. Compost application
                      significantly increased plant aboveground biomass and grain
                      yield, particularly in the double compost treatment, which
                      increased winter wheat and winter barley yield by $62.4\%$
                      and $34.8\%,$ respectively. Double compost addition
                      increased dissolved organic carbon and soil nutrient
                      content, especially total N and P-CAL, while it caused no
                      significant increase in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. This
                      work contributes to understanding how changes in soil C and
                      P availability control soil N retention and crop yield, and
                      can make a science-based recommendation that the combination
                      of compost and mineral N fertilizer can increase crop yield
                      without increasing GHG emissions and leaching of NO3 – and
                      P.},
      cin          = {IBG-3},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IBG-3-20101118},
      pnm          = {2173 - Agro-biogeosystems: controls, feedbacks and impact
                      (POF4-217)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-2173},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)3 / PUB:(DE-HGF)11},
      urn          = {urn:nbn:de:0001-20240124105929449-9127001-7},
      doi          = {10.34734/FZJ-2023-04188},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/1017548},
}