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@ARTICLE{Emmerichs:1017763,
      author       = {Emmerichs, Tamara and Lu, Yen-Sen and Taraborrelli,
                      Domenico},
      title        = {{T}he importance of plant-water stress for predictions of
                      ground-level ozone in a warm world},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2023-04296},
      year         = {2023},
      abstract     = {Evapotranspiration is important for Earth’s water and
                      energy cycles as it strongly affects air temperature,
                      cloudcover and precipitation. Leaf stomata are the conduit
                      of transpiration and thus their opening is sensitive to
                      weather and climateconditions. This feedback can exacerbate
                      heat waves and droughts and can play a role in their
                      spatio-temporal propagation.Therefore, the plant response to
                      available water is a key element mediating
                      vegetation-atmosphere interactions. Sustained
                      hightemperatures strongly favor high ozone levels with
                      significant negative effects on air quality and thus human
                      health. Our studyassesses the process representation of
                      evapotranspiration in the atmospheric chemistry model
                      ECHAM/MESSy. Diverse waterstress parametrizations are
                      implemented in a stomatal model based on CO2 assimilation.
                      The stress factors depend on eithersoil moisture or leaf
                      water potential and act directly on photosynthetic activity,
                      mesophyll and stomatal conductance. Overall,the new
                      functionalities reduce the initial overestimation of
                      evapotranspiration in the model globally by more than one
                      orderof magnitude which is most important in the Southern
                      Hemisphere. The intensity of simulated warm spells over
                      continentsis significantly enhanced. With respect to ozone,
                      we find that a realistic model representation of plant-water
                      stress depressesuptake by vegetation and enhances its
                      photochemical production in the troposphere. These effects
                      lead to a general increasesin simulated ground-level ozone
                      which is most pronounced in the Southern Hemisphere over the
                      continents. The uncertaintiesfor plant dynamics
                      representation due to too shallow roots can be addressed by
                      more sophisticated land surface models withmulti-layer soil
                      schemes. In regions with low evaporative loss, however, the
                      representation of precipitation remains the
                      largestuncertainty.},
      cin          = {IEK-8},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-8-20101013},
      pnm          = {2111 - Air Quality (POF4-211)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-2111},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)25},
      doi          = {10.5194/egusphere-2023-2306},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/1017763},
}