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@INPROCEEDINGS{Kannis:1018255,
      author       = {Kannis, Chrysovalantis and Aswani, Sahil Vijaykumar and
                      Büscher, Markus and El-Kordy, Tarek Ahmed and Engels, Ralf
                      W. and Faatz, Nicolas and Hanhart, Christoph and Kunkel,
                      Lukas and Lehrach, Andreas and Sefzick, Thomas and Soltner,
                      Helmut and Zheng, Chuan},
      title        = {{A} universal method to polarize atoms, molecules, and
                      their ions for accelerators, nuclear fusion, or medical
                      applications},
      school       = {RWTH Aachen},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2023-04651},
      year         = {2023},
      abstract     = {Our study of atomic beams passing through a static magnetic
                      field, whose direction reverses along the axis of motion,
                      gave rise to a new, versatile polarization method. For
                      instance, a sinusoidal magnetic field entails a radial
                      component, which is proportional to the gradient in the
                      longitudinal direction. Such a field can be generated by two
                      opposing solenoid coils. As a particle beam travels through
                      the coils, it experiences the static field as an
                      electromagnetic wave in its rest frame. The longitudinal
                      component creates an energy splitting between the atomic
                      hyperfine states and the radial component induces
                      transitions between them. The hyperfine transitions can be
                      described by the absorption of an odd multiple of the
                      corresponding photon energy, so that the total photon energy
                      is equal to the energy splitting between the states. The
                      energy of the photons depends on the relative motion between
                      the particle beam and the magnetic field (for a given
                      wavelength of the sinusoidal field), and the number of the
                      photons rises with increasing magnetic field strength.
                      Therefore, oscillating transition rates are observed while
                      ramping the magnetic field of the apparatus. As a result, it
                      is feasible to achieve a high degree of polarization by
                      adjusting the magnetic field strength. The produced
                      polarization is higher for particles with simple hyperfine
                      structures, e.g., H, D, $^3$He$^+$, etc. These species are
                      required for the investigation of nuclear fusion with
                      polarized fuel or polarized ion sources for accelerators.
                      First measurements with metastable hydrogen beams will be
                      presented. Furthermore, the applicability of this method to
                      molecular samples (for medical applications) needs to be
                      examined.},
      month         = {Sep},
      date          = {2023-09-24},
      organization  = {25th International Spin Symposium,
                       Durham (USA), 24 Sep 2023 - 29 Sep
                       2023},
      subtyp        = {After Call},
      cin          = {IKP-2 / IKP-4 / PGI-6 / ZEA-1 / IKP-3 / IKP-TA},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IKP-2-20111104 / I:(DE-Juel1)IKP-4-20111104 /
                      I:(DE-Juel1)PGI-6-20110106 / I:(DE-Juel1)ZEA-1-20090406 /
                      I:(DE-Juel1)IKP-3-20111104 / I:(DE-Juel1)IKP-TA-20111104},
      pnm          = {612 - Cosmic Matter in the Laboratory (POF4-612)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-612},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)6},
      doi          = {10.34734/FZJ-2023-04651},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/1018255},
}