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@MASTERSTHESIS{Leibman:1018980,
      author       = {Leibman, Hannah and Reinecke-Levi, Diana},
      title        = {{P}harmaceutical remediation using {A}lgal {T}urf
                      {S}crubber ({ATS})},
      school       = {University of Cincinnati},
      type         = {Masterarbeit},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2023-05049},
      pages        = {32 p.},
      year         = {2023},
      note         = {Masterarbeit, University of Cincinnati, 2023},
      abstract     = {Pharmaceuticals have become contaminants of emerging
                      concern due to their continued detection and negative
                      effects in aquatic environments. To prevent the release of
                      pharmaceuticals from wastewater facilities, Algal Turf
                      Scrubbers (ATS) have been proposed as a supplemental
                      treatment step. ATS utilize the natural bioremediation
                      capability of algal biofilm to clean re-circulating water.
                      The low input requirements and valuable algal products that
                      can be extracted from an ATS make it a cost-effective and
                      versatile system in pollution remediation. In this lab-scale
                      study, ATS removal efficiency of three common
                      pharmaceuticals (ibuprofen, diclofenac, and sulfamethoxazole
                      (SMX)) was quantified, and the effect of pharmaceutical
                      exposure on the biofilm examined. In the course of a week,
                      the ATS removed $97\%$ of ibuprofen, $80\%$ of SMX, and
                      $79\%$ of diclofenac concentrations. Additionally, total
                      nitrogen and phosphorus were removed up to $29\%$ and
                      $72\%,$ respectively. Changes in fluorescence, pigment
                      production, and biomass productivity were insignificant,
                      suggesting no stress response of the algae exposed to
                      pharmaceuticals. Overall, ATS were effective in
                      pharmaceutical removal without reduction in biofilm
                      function. Further investigation should be done to determine
                      bioremediation mechanisms, biofilm composition, and system
                      efficiency on a larger scale with seasonal variability.},
      cin          = {IBG-2},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IBG-2-20101118},
      pnm          = {2152 - Water resources and the environment (POF4-215) /
                      2171 - Biological and environmental resources for
                      sustainable use (POF4-217)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-2152 / G:(DE-HGF)POF4-2171},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)19},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/1018980},
}