% IMPORTANT: The following is UTF-8 encoded.  This means that in the presence
% of non-ASCII characters, it will not work with BibTeX 0.99 or older.
% Instead, you should use an up-to-date BibTeX implementation like “bibtex8” or
% “biber”.

@INPROCEEDINGS{Zhang:1019319,
      author       = {Zhang, Yi and Krause, Hans-Joachim},
      title        = {{H}ow to read out {SQUID}},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2023-05293},
      year         = {2023},
      abstract     = {A SQUID system comprises a SQUID sensor and its associated
                      readout electronics, which are essential for its operation.
                      Despite its potential for high sensitivity to magnetic flux
                      (or, field), the widespread use of SQUID systems has often
                      been hindered by difficulties in producing and comprehending
                      the required readout electronics. To overcome this
                      challenge, recent research has taken a unique approach by
                      considering the SQUID system from both the perspectives of
                      the SQUID sensor and its accompanying readout electronics.
                      There are two primary design concepts for SQUID systems: (1)
                      employing strongly damped SQUID with very low intrinsic
                      noise and minimizing the noise generated by the readout
                      electronics to a value below the intrinsic noise of the
                      SQUID sensor; or (2) creating a SQUID system where both
                      noise sources, intrinsic SQUID noise and electronics noise,
                      coexist and are approximately equal. However, implementing
                      traditional design concept (1) for SQUID system presents
                      significant challenges for the readout technique, whereas
                      design concept (2) is comparatively easier to realize. In
                      this comprehensive analysis, we summarize the SQUID readout
                      principles of design concept (1), including conventional
                      SQUID systems with flux modulation scheme (FMS), and further
                      developments of this concept, such as additional positive
                      feedback (APF), bias current feedback (BCF), noise
                      cancellation (NC) and so forth. Furthermore, we introduce
                      design concept (2), commonly referred to as the "weakly
                      damped scheme." We explain and categorize all these readout
                      techniques and discuss their advantages and drawbacks,
                      aiming to provide a useful comprehensive analysis (an
                      in-depth examination of SQUID readout) that bridges the gap
                      between SQUID concept and its practical implementation.},
      month         = {Nov},
      date          = {2023-11-10},
      organization  = {International Superconductive
                       Electronics Conference, Nanjing
                       (Peoples R China), 10 Nov 2023 - 13 Nov
                       2023},
      subtyp        = {Invited},
      cin          = {IBI-3},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IBI-3-20200312},
      pnm          = {5241 - Molecular Information Processing in Cellular Systems
                      (POF4-524)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-5241},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)6},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/1019319},
}