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@ARTICLE{Wei:1019943,
      author       = {Wei, Xian-Kui and Jalil, Abdur Rehman and Rüßmann,
                      Philipp and Ando, Yoichi and Grützmacher, Detlev and
                      Blügel, Stefan and Mayer, Joachim},
      title        = {{A}tomic diffusion-induced polarization and
                      superconductivity in topological insulator-based
                      heterostructures},
      publisher    = {arXiv},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2023-05764},
      year         = {2023},
      abstract     = {The proximity effect at a highly transparent interface of
                      an s-wave superconductor (S) and a topological insulator
                      (TI) provides a promising platform to create Majorana zero
                      modes in artificially designed heterostructures. However,
                      structural and chemical issues pertinent to such interfaces
                      are poorly explored so far. Here, we report the discovery of
                      Pd diffusion induced polarization at interfaces between
                      superconductive Pd$_{1+x}$(Bi$_{0.4}$Te$_{0.6}$)$_2$ (xPBT,
                      $0\le x \le 1$) and Pd-intercalated Bi$_2$Te$_3$ by using
                      atomic-resolution scanning transmission electron microscopy.
                      Our quantitative image analysis reveals that nanoscale
                      lattice strain and QL polarity synergistically suppress and
                      promote the Pd diffusion at the normal and parallel
                      interfaces, formed between Te-Pd-Bi triple layers (TLs) and
                      Te-Bi-Te-Bi-Te quintuple layers (QLs), respectively.
                      Further, our first-principles calculations unveil that the
                      superconductivity of xPBT phase and topological nature of
                      Pd-intercalated Bi$_2$Te$_3$ phase are robust against the
                      broken inversion symmetry. These findings point out the
                      necessity of considering coexistence of electric
                      polarization with superconductivity and topology in such
                      S-TI systems.},
      keywords     = {Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci) (Other) /
                      Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con) (Other) / FOS:
                      Physical sciences (Other)},
      cin          = {ER-C / PGI-9 / PGI-1 / IAS-1},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)ER-C-20211020 / I:(DE-Juel1)PGI-9-20110106 /
                      I:(DE-Juel1)PGI-1-20110106 / I:(DE-Juel1)IAS-1-20090406},
      pnm          = {5211 - Topological Matter (POF4-521) / DFG project
                      390534769 - EXC 2004: Materie und Licht für
                      Quanteninformation (ML4Q) (390534769)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-5211 / G:(GEPRIS)390534769},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)25},
      doi          = {10.48550/ARXIV.2311.16590},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/1019943},
}