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@ARTICLE{Dukart:1020263,
      author       = {Dukart, Jürgen and Wang, Xinyi and Hoffstaedter, Felix and
                      Kasper, Jan and Eickhoff, Simon and Patil, Kaustubh},
      title        = {{L}ifetime exposure to depression and neuroimaging measures
                      of brain structure and function},
      journal      = {JAMA network open},
      volume       = {7},
      number       = {2},
      issn         = {2574-3805},
      address      = {Chicago, Ill.},
      publisher    = {American Medical Association},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2024-00019},
      pages        = {e2356787},
      year         = {2024},
      abstract     = {Importance Despite decades of neuroimaging studies
                      reporting brain structural and functional alterations in
                      depression, discrepancies in findings across studies and
                      limited convergence across meta-analyses have raised
                      questions about the consistency and robustness of the
                      observed brain phenotypes.Objective To investigate the
                      associations between 6 operational criteria of lifetime
                      exposure to depression and functional and structural
                      neuroimaging measures.Design, Setting, and Participants This
                      cross-sectional study analyzed data from a UK Biobank cohort
                      of individuals aged 45 to 80 years who were enrolled between
                      January 1, 2014, and December 31, 2018. Participants
                      included individuals with a lifetime exposure to depression
                      and matched healthy controls without indications of
                      psychosis, mental illness, behavior disorder, and disease of
                      the nervous system. Six operational criteria of lifetime
                      exposure to depression were evaluated: help seeking for
                      depression; self-reported depression; antidepressant use;
                      depression definition by Smith et al; hospital International
                      Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health
                      Problems, Tenth Revision (ICD-10) diagnosis codes F32 and
                      F33; and Composite International Diagnostic Interview Short
                      Form score. Six increasingly restrictive depression
                      definitions and groups were defined based on the 6
                      depression criteria, ranging from meeting only 1 criterion
                      to meeting all 6 criteria. Data were analyzed between
                      January and October 2022.Main Outcomes and Measures
                      Functional measures were calculated using voxel-wise
                      fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (fALFF),
                      global correlation (GCOR), and local correlation (LCOR).
                      Structural measures were calculated using gray matter volume
                      (GMV).Results The study included 20 484 individuals with
                      lifetime depression (12 645 females $[61.7\%];$ mean [SD]
                      age, 63.91 [7.60] years) and 25 462 healthy controls (14
                      078 males $[55.3\%];$ mean [SD] age, 65.05 [7.8] years).
                      Across all depression criteria, individuals with lifetime
                      depression displayed regionally consistent decreases in
                      fALFF, LCOR, and GCOR (Cohen d range, −0.53 $[95\%$ CI,
                      −0.88 to −0.15] to −0.04 $[95\%$ CI, −0.07 to
                      −0.01]) but not in GMV (Cohen d range, −0.47 [95 $\%$
                      CI, −0.75 to −0.12] to 0.26 $[95\%$ CI, 0.15-0.37]).
                      Hospital ICD-10 diagnosis codes F32 and F33 (median [IQR]
                      difference in effect sizes, −0.14 [−0.17 to −0.11])
                      and antidepressant use (median [IQR] difference in effect
                      sizes, −0.12 [−0.16 to −0.10]) were criteria
                      associated with the most pronounced alterations.Conclusions
                      and Relevance Results of this cross-sectional study indicate
                      that lifetime exposure to depression was associated with
                      robust functional changes, with a more restrictive
                      depression definition revealing more pronounced alterations.
                      Different inclusion criteria for depression may be
                      associated with the substantial variation in imaging
                      findings reported in the literature.},
      cin          = {INM-7},
      ddc          = {610},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)INM-7-20090406},
      pnm          = {5253 - Neuroimaging (POF4-525)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-5253},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {38372997},
      UT           = {WOS:001174447500006},
      doi          = {10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.56787},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/1020263},
}