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@INPROCEEDINGS{Najjar:1021019,
      author       = {Najjar, Ashwaq and Kuchendorf, Christina and Kuhn, Arnd
                      Jürgen and Al-Tardeh, Sharaf},
      title        = {{A}mendment of poor soil substrate by biochar saturated
                      with biofertilizers (algae, manure) for sustainable
                      production of relevant {P}alestinian and {G}erman crop
                      plants {S}olanum lycopersicum {L}. and {H}ordeum vulgare
                      {L}.},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2024-00479},
      year         = {2023},
      note         = {Grant info: PGSB Palestinian German Science Bridge, FKZ
                      01DH16027},
      abstract     = {Soil degradation is a global problem that affects many
                      regions and communities, resulting in poor and stress-prone
                      marginal soils. The potentially positive effects of carbon
                      and nutrient content increase through the addition of
                      nutrient-saturated biochar were investigated on poor and
                      saline substrate in experiments with tomato and barley.
                      Biochar treatments were applied to nutrient- and carbon-poor
                      sandy substrates in two greenhouse pot experiments. Biochar
                      mixed with biofertilizers (algae $\&$ pig manure) at three
                      total carbon content levels (0.1, 0.3, 0.5 $\%$
                      C-concentration) was applied to test its effects on tomato
                      growth and soil properties during early growth stages. As a
                      follow-up, carbon addition was increased to $2\%$ via a
                      biochar-sheep manure mixture to test its effect on growth
                      parameters and quality of two barley cultivars (Palestinian
                      $\&$ German). Results showed that increasing
                      mineral-fertilizer saturated biochar concentration up to 0.5
                      $\%$ total C in saline soil (4 EC) increased tomato total
                      fruit numbers but delayed the ripening process $(24\%$ red
                      fruits in untreated pots, $15\%$ in treated pots). In saline
                      environment, biochar-pig manure mixture led to the highest
                      tomato shoot dry weight (41g) compared to $0\%$ biochar
                      treatments (31g). Increased biochar amount (up to $2\%)$ led
                      to increased shoot fresh weight of up to 1.7g in the German
                      barley cultivar after a 1-month growth period, compared to
                      non-treated $(0\%$ biochar) pots at 0.9g, respectively.
                      Increasing biochar up to $2\%$ increased the soil
                      water-holding capacity by up to $17\%$ compared to $0\%$
                      biochar control. In conclusion, nutrient-saturated biochar
                      constitutes a sustainable solution to condition substrates
                      to improve the quality and fertility of the soil by helping
                      to close the nutrient cycle and increasing the water hold
                      capacity, especially in carbon-poor soil substrate. Further
                      up-scaled greenhouse and field experiments are needed to
                      evaluate longer-term effects on yield and soil parameters.},
      month         = {Nov},
      date          = {2023-11-06},
      organization  = {7th Internationales BioSC Symposium:
                       "Bio-based solutions for a sustainable
                       economy", LVR Landesmuseum, Bonn
                       (Germany), 6 Nov 2023 - 7 Nov 2023},
      subtyp        = {Other},
      cin          = {IBG-2},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IBG-2-20101118},
      pnm          = {2171 - Biological and environmental resources for
                      sustainable use (POF4-217)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-2171},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)24},
      doi          = {10.34734/FZJ-2024-00479},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/1021019},
}