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| Hauptseite > Publikationsdatenbank > Metal electroplating/stripping and 4D STEM analysis revealed by liquid phase transmission electron microscopy |
| Hauptseite > Publikationsdatenbank > Metal electroplating/stripping and 4D STEM analysis revealed by liquid phase transmission electron microscopy |
| Conference Presentation (After Call) | FZJ-2024-00496 |
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2023
Abstract: Aqueous zinc ion and metal-based batteries have attracted much attention towards the development of an alternative electrochemical energy storage technology beyond Li ion batteries [1]. Although there are several advantages of metal-based batteries, including high volumetric capacity (~8000 mAh/L), low anode potential (~0.7 V vs. SHE), safety and electrode abundance, the problem of metallic dendrite growth during cycling causing battery short circuit and failure, constituting safety hazards, severely limits the progress and further commercial exploitation [2, 3]. To this end, direct visualization of dendrites evolution under operando conditions is prerequisite for battery safety and longevity. Among the many operando/in situ techniques, the use of liquid phase transmission electron microscopy (LPTEM) [4] has been very effective in enabling a more detailed understanding of metal plating and stripping, where the ability to probe and visualize locally the key processes governing the dendrites formation. But it should be mentioned that it is still a challenge to perform high resolution and analytical electron microscopy studies in a liquid cell, especially with liquid flow function.In this work, we use LPTEM [5, 6] to directly visualize the electroplating and stripping of metals on micro electrodes of dedicated MEMS (MicroElectroMechanical System) chips at the nanoscale. By comparing the plating/striping under different chemical and/or electrochemical environment, including static or flow electrolyte conditions, and varying current densities, we show how metal dendrites can be effectively controlled on electrochemical cycling of the battery, as revealed by our operando LPTEM observations. In addition, by employing we recently developed liquid purging approach [7], which is based on the unique liquid supply system and the on-chip liquid flow capability, we are capable to perform 4D STEM electron diffraction analysis on the plating (Figure (a), Orientation mapped STEM image of deposited Zn in liquid by 4D STEM data analysis, Figure (b-e), reconstructed electron diffraction patterns corresponding to each mapped region).Following the experimental results, the growth of Zn dendrites can be effectively mitigated and directly minimized by flowing electrolyte into the cell and adjusting the current density, thus, providing new insights into the Aqueous metal batteries chemistry and the pathways for its optimization.
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