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@ARTICLE{Drexler:10212,
      author       = {Drexler, J.M. and Aygun, A. and Li, D. and Vaßen, R. and
                      Steinke, T. and Padture, N.P.},
      title        = {{T}hermal-gradient testing of thermal barrier coatings
                      under simultaneous attack by molten glassy deposits and its
                      mitigation},
      journal      = {Surface and coatings technology},
      volume       = {204},
      issn         = {0257-8972},
      address      = {Amsterdam [u.a.]},
      publisher    = {Elsevier Science},
      reportid     = {PreJuSER-10212},
      year         = {2010},
      note         = {The authors thank Mr. L Flower (Haynes), Dr. R. Kowalik
                      (NavAir), Dr. B. Nagaraj (GE Aviation), and Dr. X. Ma
                      (lnframat Corp.) for their help with this project. The
                      authors also thank Profs. A. Evans (UCSB) and J. Hutchinson
                      (Harvard) for fruitful discussions and their help with the
                      E-H model. The suggestions by Prof. C. Levi (UCSB) on
                      producing a feasible CMAS source are gratefully
                      acknowledged. The authors also thank Dr. D. Mack (Julich)
                      for discussion and support during the thermal-cycling
                      experiments, and Mrs. N. Adels (Julich) for performing the
                      burner rig tests. The research at the Ohio State University
                      was supported by a grant from the U.S. Office of Naval
                      Research (award no. N00014-08-1-0458) monitored by Dr. D.
                      Shifler. Additional support was provided by the U.S.
                      Department of Energy (award no. DE-NT0006552).},
      abstract     = {Degradation of thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) in
                      gas-turbine engines by molten
                      calcium-magnesium-aluminosilicate (CMAS) glassy deposits is
                      becoming a pressing issue, as engines are required to
                      operate under increasingly harsh conditions. While new
                      approaches for mitigating CMAS attack of TBCs are starting
                      to emerge, there is a need for appropriate tests for
                      evaluating the efficacy of those approaches. To that end, we
                      present here a new thermal-cycling test for the evaluation
                      of TBC performance, where a thermal gradient is applied
                      across the TBC. with simultaneous injection of CMAS. The
                      conditions simulated in this new test are closer to actual
                      conditions in an engine, as compared to the conventional
                      furnace test without thermal gradient. This new test is
                      applied to a TBC with a new composition designed for
                      mitigating CMAS attack, where the mitigation mechanisms are
                      observed to be similar to those found in the conventional
                      furnace test. However, based on a previously established
                      mechanics model it is shown here that thermal-gradient
                      cyclic testing is essential for evaluating thermomechanical
                      performance of TBCs under attack by CMAS, and that the use
                      of just the conventional furnace test can lead to the
                      underestimation of the TBC performance. (C) 2010 Elsevier
                      B.V. All rights reserved.},
      keywords     = {J (WoSType)},
      cin          = {IEF-1},
      ddc          = {620},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)VDB809},
      pnm          = {Rationelle Energieumwandlung},
      pid          = {G:(DE-Juel1)FUEK402},
      shelfmark    = {Materials Science, Coatings $\&$ Films / Physics, Applied},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000277736100023},
      doi          = {10.1016/j.surfcoat.2010.02.026},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/10212},
}