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@INPROCEEDINGS{Zhang:1021440,
      author       = {Zhang, Yufan and Kadyk, Thomas and Eikerling, Michael and
                      Agranvante, Gerard},
      title        = {{M}odelling {W}ater {P}henomenon in the {C}athode {S}ide of
                      {P}olymer {E}lectrolyte {F}uel {C}ells},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2024-00736},
      year         = {2023},
      abstract     = {Water exerts a crucial influence on the performance of a
                      polymer electrolyte fuel cell. as both “catalyst
                      activating agent” and “oxygen blocker”. Therefore,
                      fine-tuning the water distribution is imperative for high
                      performance. In this work, we present a water balance model
                      to calculate the distribution of liquid water in cathode
                      catalyst layer and diffusion media. The model incorporates
                      the influence of the local liquid water saturation on the
                      effective transport properties. Liquid water saturation is
                      both a composition variable determining the effective
                      properties, and a solution variable depending on the
                      solution of the transport equations that use the effective
                      properties. The model reveals the formation of a thin water
                      layer in the diffusion media (DM) adjacent to the cathode
                      catalyst layer (CCL). The interfacial water layer strongly
                      impedes oxygen transport and reduces the oxygen
                      concentration in CCL, which causes the knee-shape voltage
                      loss and drastically reduces the cell performance. We
                      elucidate the origin of the water layer, present parametric
                      studies of this effect, and propose mitigation strategies.
                      The fundamental understanding obtained will aid the
                      development of membrane electrode assemblies with tailored
                      pore network properties to achieve vital improvements in
                      performance.},
      month         = {Jul},
      date          = {2023-07-04},
      organization  = {Electrolyzer, Fuel Cell Forum 2023,
                       Luzern (Switzerland), 4 Jul 2023 - 7
                       Jul 2023},
      subtyp        = {Other},
      cin          = {IEK-13},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-13-20190226},
      pnm          = {1231 - Electrochemistry for Hydrogen (POF4-123)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-1231},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)6},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/1021440},
}