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@INPROCEEDINGS{Zhang:1022230,
      author       = {Zhang, Lijie and Poll, Stefan and Kollet, Stefan},
      title        = {{L}arge {E}ddy {S}imulation of {S}urface {H}eterogeneity
                      {I}nduced {S}econdary {C}irculation with {B}ackground
                      {W}inds},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2024-01351},
      pages        = {1},
      year         = {2022},
      abstract     = {Land surface heterogeneity affects the surface heat flux
                      distribution and induces secondary circulations at a certain
                      scale. Background wind may significantly influence the
                      effect of surface heterogeneity on secondary circulation. In
                      this study, we investigate how background wind affects the
                      evolution of the atmospheric boundary layer, focusing on the
                      influence of the formation of secondary circulation. We used
                      a coupled ICON-LES (Icosahedral Nonhydrostatic Large Eddy
                      Simulation mode) with a land surface model (TERRA-ML) to
                      simulate the development of the atmospheric boundary layer
                      over a river corridor mimicked by continuously distributed
                      soil moisture under different background wind conditions.
                      The atmospheric domain size is 4.8 km x 4.8 km x 4.2 km in
                      X, Y, and Z directions with a horizontal and vertical
                      spatial grid spacing of 50 m using double-periodic boundary
                      conditions. All simulations have the same initial well-mixed
                      atmospheric conditions and constant incoming radiation of
                      700 Wm-2 with varying background winds with different wind
                      speeds (0 to 16 ms-1) and directions (cross-valley,
                      parallel-valley, or mixed).The atmospheric states are
                      decomposed into three parts: ensemble-averaged, mesoscale,
                      and turbulence. We show that wind speed and surface
                      heterogeneity jointly affect the surface energy
                      distribution, independent of the wind direction. The
                      secondary circulation structure persists under the
                      parallel-valley wind regardless of wind speed but is
                      destroyed when the cross-valley wind is stronger than the
                      mesoscale horizontal wind speed. The maximum mesoscale
                      vertical wind variance reflects the secondary circulation
                      strength. We show that the secondary circulation strength
                      positively correlates with the Bowen ratio and stability
                      parameter (-Zi/L) under cross-valley wind and mixed
                      conditions.},
      month         = {Sep},
      date          = {2022-09-05},
      organization  = {EMS Annual Meeting 2022, Bonn
                       (Germany), 5 Sep 2022 - 9 Sep 2022},
      cin          = {IBG-3},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IBG-3-20101118},
      pnm          = {2173 - Agro-biogeosystems: controls, feedbacks and impact
                      (POF4-217) / EXC 2070:  PhenoRob - Robotics and Phenotyping
                      for Sustainable Crop Production (390732324)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-2173 / G:(BMBF)390732324},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)8},
      doi          = {10.5194/ems2022-638},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/1022230},
}