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@ARTICLE{FariasMancilla:1023473,
      author       = {Farias-Mancilla, Barbara and Balestri, Arianna and Zhang,
                      Junliang and Frielinghaus, Henrich and Berti, Debora and
                      Montis, Costanza and Destarac, Mathias and Schubert, Ulrich
                      S. and Guerrero-Sanchez, Carlos and Harrisson, Simon and
                      Lonetti, Barbara},
      title        = {{M}orphology and thermal transitions of self-assembled
                      {NIPAM}-{DMA} copolymers in aqueous media depend on
                      copolymer composition profile},
      journal      = {Journal of colloid and interface science},
      volume       = {662},
      issn         = {0021-9797},
      address      = {Amsterdam [u.a.]},
      publisher    = {Elsevier},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2024-01706},
      pages        = {99 - 108},
      year         = {2024},
      abstract     = {Hypothesis: There is a lack of understanding of the
                      interplay between the copolymer composition profile and
                      thermal transition observed in aqueous solutions of
                      N-isopropyl acrylamide (NIPAM) copolymers, as well as the
                      correlation between this transition and the formation and
                      structure of copolymer self-assemblies.Experiments: For this
                      purpose, we investigated the response of five copolymers
                      with the same molar mass and chemical composition, but with
                      different composition profile in aqueous solution against
                      temperature. Using complementary analytical techniques, we
                      probed structural properties at different length scales,
                      from the mo-lecular scale with Nuclear Magnetic Resonance
                      (NMR) to the colloidal scale with Dynamic Light Scattering
                      (DLS) and Small Angle Neutron Scattering (SANS).Findings:
                      NMR and SANS investigations strengthen each other and allow
                      a clear picture of the change of copolymer solubility and
                      related copolymer self-assembly as a function of
                      temperature. At the molecular scale, dehydrating NIPAM units
                      drag N,N-dimethyl acrylamide (DMA) moieties with them in a
                      gradual collapse of the copolymer chain; this induces a
                      morphological transition of the self-assemblies from
                      star-like nanostructures to crew-cut micelles.
                      Interestingly, the transition spans a temperature range
                      which depends on the monomer dis-tribution profile in the
                      copolymer chain, with the asymmetric triblock copolymer
                      specimen revealing the broadest one. We show that the broad
                      morphological transitions associated with gradient
                      copolymers can be mimicked and even surpassed by the use of
                      stepwise gradient (asymmetric) copolymers, which can be more
                      easily and reproducibly synthesized than linear gradient
                      copolymers.},
      cin          = {JCNS-FRM-II / JCNS-4 / MLZ},
      ddc          = {540},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)JCNS-FRM-II-20110218 /
                      I:(DE-Juel1)JCNS-4-20201012 / I:(DE-588b)4597118-3},
      pnm          = {6G4 - Jülich Centre for Neutron Research (JCNS) (FZJ)
                      (POF4-6G4) / 632 - Materials – Quantum, Complex and
                      Functional Materials (POF4-632)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-6G4 / G:(DE-HGF)POF4-632},
      experiment   = {EXP:(DE-MLZ)KWS1-20140101},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {38340518},
      UT           = {WOS:001183974800001},
      doi          = {10.1016/j.jcis.2024.02.032},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/1023473},
}