TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cordes, Jakob
AU  - Schadschneider, Andreas
AU  - Nicolas, Alexandre
TI  - Dimensionless numbers reveal distinct regimes in the structure and dynamics of pedestrian crowds
JO  - PNAS nexus
VL  - 3
IS  - 4
SN  - 2752-6542
CY  - Oxford
PB  - Oxford University Press
M1  - FZJ-2024-01997
SP  - pgae120
PY  - 2024
AB  - In Fluid Mechanics, dimensionless numbers like the Reynolds number help classify flows. We argue that such a classification is also relevant for crowd flows by putting forward the dimensionless Intrusion and Avoidance numbers, which quantify the intrusions into the pedestrians’ personal spaces and the imminency of the collisions that they face, respectively.Using an extensive dataset, we show that these numbers delineate regimes where distinct variables characterize the crowd's arrangement, namely, Euclidean distances at low Avoidance number and times-to-collision at low Intrusion number. On the basis of these findings, a perturbative expansion of the individual pedestrian dynamics is carried out around the non-interacting state, in quite general terms. Simulations confirm that this expansion performs well in its expected regime of applicability.
LB  - PUB:(DE-HGF)16
C6  - 38577258
UR  - <Go to ISI:>//WOS:001196541200001
DO  - DOI:10.1093/pnasnexus/pgae120
UR  - https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/1024166
ER  -