TY  - JOUR
AU  - Frankenstein, Lars
AU  - Glomb, Pascal
AU  - Ramirez-Rico, Joaquin
AU  - Winter, Martin
AU  - Placke, Tobias
AU  - Gomez-Martin, Aurora
TI  - Revealing the Impact of Different Iron‐Based Precursors on the ‘Catalytic’ Graphitization for Synthesis of Anode Materials for Lithium Ion Batteries
JO  - ChemElectroChem
VL  - 10
IS  - 5
SN  - 2196-0216
CY  - Weinheim
PB  - Wiley-VCH
M1  - FZJ-2024-02557
SP  - e202201073
PY  - 2023
N1  - Unterstützt durch das MWIDE-Projekt "GrEEn" (313-W044A)
AB  - Low cost and environmentally friendly production of graphite anodes from naturally available biomass resources is of great importance to satisfy the increasing material demand for lithium ion batteries. Herein, graphitization of coffee ground was performed using four different iron-based activating additives, including iron (III) chloride, iron (III) nitrate, iron (III) oxide and pure iron, following either a wet or a dry mixing approach. The structural development regarding the type of activator used and the impact on the corresponding electrochemical performance are systematically investigated. A maximum degree of graphitization between 55 and 74 % (as determined by Raman spectroscopy) is attained using iron (III) chloride and iron powder, respectively. The graphitic anode material synthesized using iron powder reached a maximum reversible capacity of ≈320 mAh g−1 at a rate of 0.1 C. This study provides significant insights into the impact of activators on the design of synthetic graphite from renewable sources.
LB  - PUB:(DE-HGF)16
UR  - <Go to ISI:>//WOS:000915648500001
DO  - DOI:10.1002/celc.202201073
UR  - https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/1024907
ER  -