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@ARTICLE{Ma:1024918,
      author       = {Ma, Zhan and Jia, Ming and Koltermann, Lucas and Blömeke,
                      Alexander and De Doncker, Rik W. and Li, Weihan and Sauer,
                      Dirk Uwe},
      title        = {{R}eview on grid-tied modular battery energy storage
                      systems: {C}onfiguration classifications, control advances,
                      and performance evaluations},
      journal      = {Journal of energy storage},
      volume       = {74},
      issn         = {2352-152X},
      address      = {Amsterdam [u.a.]},
      publisher    = {Elsevier},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2024-02568},
      pages        = {109272 -},
      year         = {2023},
      abstract     = {In the past decade, the implementation of battery energy
                      storage systems (BESS) with a modular design has grown
                      significantly, proving to be highly advantageous for
                      large-scale grid-tied applications. However, despite its
                      increasing prevalence, there is a noticeable absence of
                      review papers dedicated to this specific topic. This paper
                      aims to address this gap by presenting a comprehensive
                      overview of modular BESS, covering various aspects such as
                      the classification of modular electrical configurations into
                      four types based on parallel or cascaded connections at the
                      dc or ac side, and providing real-world examples of in-field
                      applications. Furthermore, the paper summarizes the diverse
                      control methods employed in modular BESSs, including power
                      flow control, fault-tolerant control, and battery balancing
                      control. It also presents detailed performance evaluations
                      for different modular BESS configurations, encompassing
                      aspects such as efficiency, cost, battery management, etc.
                      Additionally, this review paper discusses prospective
                      avenues for future research in the field of modular BESSs,
                      offering valuable insights and guidance for their
                      development and application. By providing a comprehensive
                      analysis of modular BESS for practicing battery engineers
                      and aspiring researchers, this paper contributes to the
                      understanding and advancement of this technology, thereby
                      facilitating its integration and utilization in forthcoming
                      applications.},
      cin          = {IEK-12},
      ddc          = {333.7},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-12-20141217},
      pnm          = {1223 - Batteries in Application (POF4-122) / BMWK-03ESP265F
                      - M5BAT: Modularer multi-Megawatt multi-Technologie
                      Mittelspannungsbatteriespeicher; Teilvorhaben: Entwicklung
                      von Li-Ionen Batterien, Monitoring und Erstellung eines
                      Designhandbuchs (BMWK-03ESP265F) / BMBF 03EI4034 -
                      Einzelvorhaben: EMMUseBat - Entwicklung von Methoden für
                      den Multi-Use-Betrieb von modularen Batteriegroßspeichern
                      im Mittelspannungsnetz (BMBF-03EI4034)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-1223 / G:(DE-82)BMWK-03ESP265F /
                      G:(DE-82)BMBF-03EI4034},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:001098670200001},
      doi          = {10.1016/j.est.2023.109272},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/1024918},
}