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@ARTICLE{Sistig:1024933,
      author       = {Sistig, Hubert Maximilian and Sauer, Dirk Uwe},
      title        = {{M}etaheuristic for the integrated electric vehicle and
                      crew scheduling problem},
      journal      = {Applied energy},
      volume       = {339},
      issn         = {0306-2619},
      address      = {Amsterdam [u.a.]},
      publisher    = {Elsevier Science},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2024-02583},
      pages        = {120915 -},
      year         = {2023},
      abstract     = {Encouraged by international efforts to reduce greenhouse
                      gases and local emissions, many public transport operators
                      are converting their fleets to battery-powered electric
                      buses. Public transport operators can choose between
                      different electric bus concepts, with the total cost of
                      ownership being the most important decision criterion. The
                      associated strategic decisions regarding charging strategy,
                      vehicle concept, and charging infrastructure have a
                      significant impact on the operational planning of the
                      electric buses.Motivated by this, this paper aims to analyze
                      the interactions between electrification and operational
                      planning, especially vehicle scheduling and crew scheduling.
                      This allows us to make a more comprehensive comparison of
                      different electrification concepts. Prior work has addressed
                      the impact of electrification on vehicle scheduling but has
                      neglected the interactions with crew scheduling. Crew
                      scheduling dominates operational costs and planning for many
                      public transport operators and must therefore be considered
                      in all strategic decisions. For this reason, in this work we
                      focused on integrated electric vehicle and crew scheduling
                      problem. This allows us to calculate the total cost of
                      ownership of different electric bus concepts under better
                      representation of local conditions. We deal with the
                      electric vehicle and crew scheduling problem with a
                      metaheuristic based on Adaptive Large Neighborhood Search.
                      We tested the developed methodology for a real-world bus
                      route. Our results indicate that the constraints for crew
                      scheduling significantly impact the total cost of ownership
                      and the required number of vehicles of the different
                      electrification concepts. Our case study suggests that the
                      choice of the most cost-effective concept depends
                      significantly on crew scheduling constraints. These findings
                      imply that crew scheduling constraints should be considered
                      as part of the local framework for bus fleet
                      electrification.},
      cin          = {IEK-12},
      ddc          = {620},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-12-20141217},
      pnm          = {1223 - Batteries in Application (POF4-122)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-1223},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000959455800001},
      doi          = {10.1016/j.apenergy.2023.120915},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/1024933},
}