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@ARTICLE{Peschel:1025050,
      author       = {Peschel, Christoph and van Wickeren, Stefan and Bloch,
                      Aleksandra and Lechtenfeld, Christian-Timo and Winter,
                      Martin and Nowak, Sascha},
      title        = {{D}efining {A}ging {M}arker {M}olecules of 1,3‐{P}ropane
                      {S}ultone for {T}argeted {I}dentification in {S}pent
                      {L}i{N}i 0.6 {C}o 0.2 {M}n 0.2 {O} 2 ||{AG} {C}ells},
      journal      = {Energy technology},
      volume       = {11},
      number       = {5},
      issn         = {2194-4288},
      address      = {Weinheim [u.a.]},
      publisher    = {Wiley-VCH},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2024-02638},
      pages        = {2370054},
      year         = {2023},
      note         = {Unterstützt durch den BMBF Grant:
                      “InnoRec”(03XP0246C).},
      abstract     = {Herein we report on an analytical approach for targeted
                      identification of hazardous 1,3-propane sultone (PS) in
                      spent lithium ion battery material. PS decomposition is
                      investigated with chromatographic techniques coupled to
                      high-resolution accurate mass spectrometry. Speciation of
                      sulfur-containing decomposition products is performed and
                      aging marker molecules are defined. The observed PS
                      decomposition results in characteristic 1-propanesulfonate
                      via electrochemical ring-opening. Based on this,
                      1-propanesulfonate is defined as an ionic marker molecule
                      for electrochemical PS decomposition. Further, volatile
                      methyl and ethyl esters of 1-propanesulfonate are
                      identified. Their formation is observed mainly caused by
                      elevated temperatures after preceding PS ring-opening during
                      cell formation. Both, ionic and volatile decomposition
                      markers can be applied for targeted identification of
                      hazardous PS-containing lithium ion battery material,
                      despite possible consumption of the initial additive
                      molecule.},
      cin          = {IEK-12},
      ddc          = {620},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-12-20141217},
      pnm          = {1221 - Fundamentals and Materials (POF4-122)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-1221},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      doi          = {10.1002/ente.202370054},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/1025050},
}