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@ARTICLE{Heidbrink:1026967,
      author       = {Heidbrink, W. W. and Baylor, L. R. and Büscher, Markus and
                      Engels, Ralf W. and Garcia, A. V. and Ghiozzi, A. G. and
                      Miller, G. W. and Sandorfi, A. M. and Wei, X. and Zheng, X.},
      title        = {{A} research program to measure the lifetime of spin
                      polarized fuel},
      journal      = {Frontiers in physics},
      volume       = {12},
      issn         = {2296-424X},
      address      = {Lausanne},
      publisher    = {Frontiers Media},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2024-03546},
      pages        = {1355212},
      year         = {2024},
      abstract     = {The use of spin polarized fuel could increase the
                      deuterium-tritium (D-T) fusion cross section by a factor of
                      1.5 and, owing to alpha heating, increase the fusion power
                      by an even larger factor. Issues associated with the use of
                      polarized fuel in a reactor are identified. Theoretically,
                      nuclei remain polarized in a hot fusion plasma. The
                      similarity between the Lorentz force law and the Bloch
                      equations suggests polarization can be preserved despite the
                      rich electromagnetic spectrum present in a magnetic fusion
                      device. The most important depolarization mechanisms can be
                      tested in existing devices. The use of polarized deuterium
                      and $^3$He in an experiment avoids the complexities of
                      handling tritium, while encompassing the same nuclear
                      reaction spin-physics, making it a useful proxy to study
                      issues associated with full D-T implementation. $^3$He fuel
                      with 65\% polarization can be prepared by permeating
                      optically-pumped $^3$He into a shell pellet. Dynamically
                      polarized 7Li-D pellets can achieve 70\% vector polarization
                      for the deuterium. Cryogenically-frozen pellets can be
                      injected into fusion facilities by special injectors that
                      minimize depolarizing field gradients. Alternatively,
                      polarized nuclei could be injected as a neutral beam. Once
                      injected, the lifetime of the polarized fuel is monitored
                      through measurements of escaping charged fusion products.
                      Multiple experimental scenarios to measure the polarization
                      lifetime in the DIII-D tokamak and other
                      magnetic-confinement facilities are discussed, followed by
                      outstanding issues that warrant further study.},
      cin          = {IKP-2 / PGI-6},
      ddc          = {530},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IKP-2-20111104 / I:(DE-Juel1)PGI-6-20110106},
      pnm          = {612 - Cosmic Matter in the Laboratory (POF4-612)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-612},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:001248687500001},
      doi          = {10.3389/fphy.2024.1355212},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/1026967},
}