001027072 001__ 1027072 001027072 005__ 20250204113902.0 001027072 0247_ $$2doi$$a10.1039/D4EE01071J 001027072 0247_ $$2ISSN$$a1754-5692 001027072 0247_ $$2ISSN$$a1754-5706 001027072 0247_ $$2datacite_doi$$a10.34734/FZJ-2024-03625 001027072 0247_ $$2WOS$$aWOS:001233441300001 001027072 037__ $$aFZJ-2024-03625 001027072 082__ $$a690 001027072 1001_ $$0P:(DE-Juel1)200349$$aWu, Zhenni$$b0$$eCorresponding author 001027072 245__ $$aClosing the loop: recycling of MAPbI 3 perovskite solar cells 001027072 260__ $$aCambridge$$bRSC Publ.$$c2024 001027072 3367_ $$2DRIVER$$aarticle 001027072 3367_ $$2DataCite$$aOutput Types/Journal article 001027072 3367_ $$0PUB:(DE-HGF)16$$2PUB:(DE-HGF)$$aJournal Article$$bjournal$$mjournal$$s1719993611_14188 001027072 3367_ $$2BibTeX$$aARTICLE 001027072 3367_ $$2ORCID$$aJOURNAL_ARTICLE 001027072 3367_ $$00$$2EndNote$$aJournal Article 001027072 520__ $$aClosed-loop recycling is crucial in the rapidly expanding era of photovoltaic deployment. Yet, the recycling of commercial silicon photovoltaic modules presents challenges due to laborious component separation. In contrast, layers in solution-processed solar cells can be separated with relative ease through selective dissolution. In this study, we report on the recovery of every layer in a planar MAPbI3 perovskite solar cell using a layer-by-layer solvent extraction approach, followed by purification or modification to restore quality. This method potentially allows for up to 99.97% recycled mass, thereby conserving resources and reducing waste. We assessed material quality by substituting each fresh material with its recycled equivalent during solar cell production. Subsequently, solar cells were fabricated with either several or all layers comprising recycled materials. Every combination yielded efficiency comparable to cells constructed exclusively with fresh materials, demonstrating the efficacy of the developed recycling process. Our mass and value analysis highlights ITO glass has the highest recycling priority and the need for circular utilization for by-product chemicals, especially cleaning agents. Techno-economic projections suggest that the proposed recycling procedure has the potential to afford substantial cost savings. In the lab, recycling could reduce material costs by up to 63.7%, in industrial manufacturing by up to 61.4%. 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