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@INPROCEEDINGS{Kucharski:1029129,
      author       = {Kucharski, Stefan and Sohn, Yoo Jung and Lenser, Christian
                      and Guillon, Olivier and Menzler, Norbert H.},
      title        = {{O}perando {X}-ray {D}iffraction and {S}pectroscopy of
                      {S}olid {O}xide {E}lectrolyser {C}ells},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2024-04985},
      year         = {2024},
      abstract     = {Solid Oxide Electrolyser Cells (SOEC) can achieve
                      unrivalled efficiency in converting renewable electrical
                      energy to hydrogen and therefore are an indispensable part
                      of our transition to a sustainable energy economy, but the
                      technology is not yet fully developed. One approach to
                      improve the performance of SOEC is using gadolinia-doped
                      ceria (GDC) as electrolyte, since its higher ionic
                      conductivity compared to the current standard,
                      yttria-stabilised zirconia (YSZ), allows significantly
                      higher electrolysis currents at a given voltage. However,
                      GDC suffers from electrochemical expansion upon reduction;
                      with pO2 as low as 10–19 Pa at the fuel
                      electrode-electrolyte interface, this expansion can lead to
                      cell cracking, limiting its lifetime. In order to design a
                      cell that can withstand such effects, it is necessary to
                      precisely characterize the electrochemical expansion under
                      cathodic bias. To achieve this, we have developed an in situ
                      cell for investigating the electrochemical expansion of GDC
                      at relevant temperatures, in reducing gas atmosphere and
                      with applied cathodic bias simultaneously. In our setup, the
                      SOEC is mounted between the air compartment, which houses a
                      heater, and the fuel compartment, which features an X-ray
                      window for diffraction and spectroscopy. The cell is
                      electrically contacted from both sides to monitor the cell
                      voltage and determine the cathode overpotential. In
                      conjunction with the X-ray techniques, operational
                      temperature of up to 800 °C and separate air and
                      water/hydrogen atmospheres for the air and fuel electrodes,
                      allow conducting operando experiments on real working SOEC.},
      month         = {Jul},
      date          = {2024-07-15},
      organization  = {Solid State Ionics 2024, London (UK),
                       15 Jul 2024 - 19 Jul 2024},
      subtyp        = {After Call},
      cin          = {IMD-2},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IMD-2-20101013},
      pnm          = {1231 - Electrochemistry for Hydrogen (POF4-123) / SOFC -
                      Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (SOFC-20140602)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-1231 / G:(DE-Juel1)SOFC-20140602},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)6},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/1029129},
}