001030917 001__ 1030917 001030917 005__ 20250804115250.0 001030917 0247_ $$2doi$$a10.1021/acs.energyfuels.4c02833 001030917 0247_ $$2ISSN$$a0887-0624 001030917 0247_ $$2ISSN$$a1520-5029 001030917 0247_ $$2datacite_doi$$a10.34734/FZJ-2024-05511 001030917 0247_ $$2pmid$$a39257466 001030917 0247_ $$2WOS$$aWOS:001296675700001 001030917 037__ $$aFZJ-2024-05511 001030917 041__ $$aEnglish 001030917 082__ $$a660 001030917 1001_ $$0P:(DE-Juel1)187204$$aKopsch, Markus Alexander$$b0$$eCorresponding author 001030917 245__ $$aEffect of HTC and Water-Leaching of Low-Grade Biomasses on the Release Behavior of Inorganic Constituents in a Calcium Looping Gasification Process at 650 °C 001030917 260__ $$aColumbus, Ohio$$bAmerican Chemical Society$$c2024 001030917 3367_ $$2DRIVER$$aarticle 001030917 3367_ $$2DataCite$$aOutput Types/Journal article 001030917 3367_ $$0PUB:(DE-HGF)16$$2PUB:(DE-HGF)$$aJournal Article$$bjournal$$mjournal$$s1750152571_28427 001030917 3367_ $$2BibTeX$$aARTICLE 001030917 3367_ $$2ORCID$$aJOURNAL_ARTICLE 001030917 3367_ $$00$$2EndNote$$aJournal Article 001030917 520__ $$aThe release of alkali metals (K, Na) and non-metals (S, Cl) during a Calcium Looping (CaL) Gasification Process of waste derived-hydrochars, water-leached samples and CaO-biomass blends was investigated. Special attention was paid to biomasses that are not particularly promising for gasification requirements but have a large occurrence in Europe, including Grape Bagasse, Organic Fraction of Municipal Solid Waste (OFMSW), Green Waste, and Out-of-use woods from construction debris and discarded furniture. The release experiments were performed at 650 °C in a flow channel reactor to investigate the behavior of inorganic trace substances. Hot-gas analysis was performed by Molecular Beam Mass Spectrometry (MBMS). Thermodynamic equilibrium calculations via FactSage indicate H2S, carbonyl sulfide (COS), KCl, NaCl, and HCl as the main inorganic impurities. Thus, the focus of the experiments was placed on these species. It was found that the concentrations of trace elements released during gasification at 650 °C, such as H2S, SO2, KCl, or NaCl, are hardly affected by intense water-leaching. In contrast, carbonaceous materials from hydrothermal carbonization exhibit a higher concentration of potassium trace substances (K, KCl, and K2Cl+). 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