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@ARTICLE{Nomi:1030932,
      author       = {Nomi, Jason S. and Bzdok, Danilo and Li, Jingwei and Bolt,
                      Taylor and Chang, Catie and Kornfeld, Salome and Goodman,
                      Zachary T. and Yeo, B. T. Thomas and Spreng, R. Nathan and
                      Uddin, Lucina Q.},
      title        = {{S}ystematic cross-sectional age-associations in global
                      f{MRI} signal topography},
      journal      = {Imaging neuroscience},
      volume       = {2},
      issn         = {2837-6056},
      address      = {Cambridge, MA},
      publisher    = {MIT Press},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2024-05524},
      pages        = {1 - 13},
      year         = {2024},
      abstract     = {The global signal (GS) in resting-state functional MRI
                      (fMRI), known to contain artifacts and non-neuronal
                      physiological signals, also contains important neural
                      information related to individual state and trait
                      characteristics. Here, we show distinct linear and
                      curvilinear relationships between GS topography and age in a
                      cross-sectional sample of individuals (6-85 years old)
                      representing a significant portion of the lifespan.
                      Subcortical brain regions such as the thalamus and putamen
                      show linear associations with the GS across age. The
                      thalamus has stronger contributions to the GS in older-age
                      individuals compared with younger-aged individuals, while
                      the putamen has stronger contributions in younger
                      individuals compared with older individuals. The subcortical
                      nucleus basalis of Meynert shows a u-shaped pattern similar
                      to cortical regions within the lateral frontoparietal
                      network and dorsal attention network, where contributions of
                      the GS are stronger at early and old age, and weaker in
                      middle age. This differentiation between subcortical and
                      cortical brain activity across age supports a dual-layer
                      model of GS composition, where subcortical aspects of the GS
                      are differentiated from cortical aspects of the GS. We find
                      that these subcortical-cortical contributions to the GS
                      depend strongly on age across the lifespan of human
                      development. Our findings demonstrate how neurobiological
                      information within the GS differs across development and
                      highlight the need to carefully consider whether or not to
                      remove this signal when investigating age-related functional
                      differences in the brain.},
      cin          = {INM-7},
      ddc          = {050},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)INM-7-20090406},
      pnm          = {5251 - Multilevel Brain Organization and Variability
                      (POF4-525) / 5252 - Brain Dysfunction and Plasticity
                      (POF4-525)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-5251 / G:(DE-HGF)POF4-5252},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {40800417},
      UT           = {WOS:001531547100003},
      doi          = {10.1162/imag_a_00101},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/1030932},
}