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@ARTICLE{Pfalzner:1031511,
      author       = {Pfalzner, Susanne and Govind, Amith and Zwart, Simon
                      Portegies},
      title        = {{T}rajectory of the stellar flyby that shaped the outer
                      {S}olar {S}ystem},
      journal      = {Nature astronomy},
      volume       = {8},
      issn         = {2397-3366},
      address      = {London},
      publisher    = {Nature Publishing Group},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2024-05712},
      pages        = {1380–1386},
      year         = {2024},
      abstract     = {Unlike the Solar System planets, thousands of smaller
                      bodies beyond Neptune orbit the Sun on eccentric (e > 0.1
                      and i > 3°) orbits. While migration of the giant planets
                      during the early stages of Solar System evolution could have
                      induced substantial scattering of trans-Neptunian objects
                      (TNOs), this process cannot account for the small number of
                      distant TNOs (rp > 60 au) outside the planets' reach. The
                      alternative scenario of the close flyby of another star can
                      instead produce all these TNO features simultaneously, but
                      the possible parameter space for such an encounter is vast.
                      Here we compare observed TNO properties with thousands of
                      flyby simulations to determine the specific properties of a
                      flyby that reproduces all the different dynamical TNO
                      populations, their locations and their relative abundances,
                      and find that a 0 .8−0.1+0.1M⊙ star passing at a
                      distance of rp = 110 ± 10 au, inclined by i = 70°+5 −10
                      , gives a near-perfect match. This flyby also replicates the
                      retrograde TNO population, which has proved difficult to
                      explain. Such a flyby is reasonably frequent; at least 140
                      million solar-type stars in the Milky Way are likely to have
                      experienced a similar one. In light of these results, we
                      predict that the upcoming Vera Rubin telescope will reveal
                      that distant and retrograde TNOs are relatively common.},
      cin          = {JSC},
      ddc          = {520},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)JSC-20090406},
      pnm          = {5111 - Domain-Specific Simulation $\&$ Data Life Cycle Labs
                      (SDLs) and Research Groups (POF4-511) / DFG project
                      G:(GEPRIS)450107816 - Eigenschaften des äußeren
                      Sonnensystems als Folge eines stellaren Vorbeiflugs
                      (450107816)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-5111 / G:(GEPRIS)450107816},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:001307355900001},
      doi          = {10.1038/s41550-024-02349-x},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/1031511},
}