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@ARTICLE{Kalc:1034099,
      author       = {Kalc, Polona and Hoffstaedter, Felix and Luders, Eileen and
                      Gaser, Christian and Dahnke, Robert},
      title        = {{A}pproximation of bone mineral density and subcutaneous
                      adiposity using {T}1-weighted images of the human head},
      journal      = {Imaging neuroscience},
      volume       = {2},
      issn         = {2837-6056},
      address      = {Cambridge, MA},
      publisher    = {MIT Press},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2024-06920},
      pages        = {1 - 13},
      year         = {2024},
      abstract     = {Bones and brain are intricately connected and scientific
                      interest in their interaction is growing. This has become
                      particularly evident in the framework of clinical
                      applications for various medical conditions, such as obesity
                      and osteoporosis. The adverse effects of obesity on brain
                      health have long been recognised, but few brain imaging
                      studies provide sophisticated body composition measures.
                      Here, we propose to extract the following bone- and
                      adiposity-related measures from T1-weighted MR images of the
                      head: an approximation of skull bone mineral density (BMD),
                      skull bone thickness, and two approximations of subcutaneous
                      fat (i.e., the intensity and thickness of soft non-brain
                      head tissue). The reliability and validity of these four
                      distinct measures were tested in two large-scale databases,
                      the UK Biobank and OASIS-3. The measures pertaining to skull
                      BMD, skull bone thickness, and intensity-based adiposity
                      proxy proved to be reliable (ICC = .95/.83/.66, p < .001)
                      and valid, with high correlations to DXA-derived head BMD
                      values (rho = .70, p < .001) and MRI-derived abdominal
                      subcutaneous adipose volume (rho = .62, p < .001).
                      Thickness-based adiposity proxy had only a low retest
                      reliability (ICC = .53, p < .001). The outcomes of this
                      study constitute an important step towards extracting
                      relevant non-brain features from available brain scans.},
      cin          = {INM-7},
      ddc          = {050},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)INM-7-20090406},
      pnm          = {5251 - Multilevel Brain Organization and Variability
                      (POF4-525) / 5252 - Brain Dysfunction and Plasticity
                      (POF4-525)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-5251 / G:(DE-HGF)POF4-5252},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {40800364},
      UT           = {WOS:001530594800012},
      doi          = {10.1162/imag_a_00390},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/1034099},
}