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@INPROCEEDINGS{Schleker:1035347,
      author       = {Schleker, Peter Philipp Maria and Jakes, Peter and Daniel,
                      Davis Thomas and Eichel, Rüdiger-A. and Granwehr, Josef},
      title        = {{H}ow {E}lectrolyte {C}ontact {R}eversibly {C}hanges {B}ulk
                      {P}roperties of {E}lectrode {M}aterials},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2025-00394},
      year         = {2024},
      abstract     = {Electrode materials for batteries and electrolysers are
                      optimized and analyzed regarding their application, which
                      has led to modern high-performance materials. Until now, it
                      is spectroscopically challenging to observe the intrinsic
                      chemical equilibria between electrode material and
                      electrolyte that may influence more than just the interface.
                      Monitoring changes in the bulk electrode material without
                      external potential would contribute to the understanding of
                      the overall system.Here we use lithium titanate as inorganic
                      material [1-2] and a nitrogen containing organic carbon
                      material to show how the pure contact of the electrolyte
                      influences the electronic structure/dynamics of such solid
                      materials. In case of the Lithium titanate an electrolyte
                      dependent change of the bulk could be detected by NMR
                      (Nuclear Magnetic Resonance), which allows e.g. conclusions
                      on the two-phase equilibrium of lithium ions. In the case of
                      the diamagnetic carbon material, radical centres could
                      reversibly be induced and observed by EPR (Electron
                      Paramagnetic Resonance), supporting an electrolyte dependent
                      reactivity in catalytic applications. Overall, the
                      observations allow aspects of the intrinsic activity of the
                      materials to be better understood and thus indicate
                      additional starting points for improving the electrochemical
                      systems. Literature:[1] P. P. M. Schleker, P. Jakes, et al.,
                      Communications Chemistry 2023, 6 (1), 113.[2] P. P. M.
                      Schleker, R.-A. Eichel, et al., Appl Magn Reson 2023, 54,
                      1463-1480.},
      month         = {Sep},
      date          = {2024-09-16},
      organization  = {Electrochemistry 2024 - GDCH,
                       Braunschweig (Germany), 16 Sep 2024 -
                       19 Sep 2024},
      subtyp        = {After Call},
      cin          = {IET-1},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IET-1-20110218},
      pnm          = {1223 - Batteries in Application (POF4-122) / AdamBatt -
                      Fortschrittliche Materialien für die Anwendung in Hybriden
                      Festkörperbatterien (13XP0305A)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-1223 / G:(BMBF)13XP0305A},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)6},
      doi          = {10.34734/FZJ-2025-00394},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/1035347},
}