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@ARTICLE{Memis:1035384,
      author       = {Memis, Elif and Yildiz, Gizem Y. and Fink, Gereon R. and
                      Weidner, Ralph},
      title        = {{H}idden size: {S}ize representations in implicitly coded
                      objects},
      journal      = {Cognition},
      volume       = {256},
      issn         = {0010-0277},
      address      = {Amsterdam [u.a.]},
      publisher    = {Elsevier Science},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2025-00431},
      pages        = {106041 -},
      year         = {2025},
      note         = {Open access publication funded by the Deutsche
                      Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation) –
                      491111487. GRF gratefully acknowledges support by the
                      Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research
                      Foundation) (Project- ID 431549029—SFB 1451).},
      abstract     = {Its angular representation on the retina does not solely
                      determine the perceived size of an object. Instead,
                      contextual information is interpreted. We investigated the
                      levels of processing at which this interpretation occurs.
                      Combining three experimental paradigms, we explored whether
                      masked and more implicitly coded objects are already
                      size-rescaled. We induced object size rescaling using a
                      modified variant of the Ebbinghaus illusion. In this
                      variant, six dots altered the size of a central stimulus and
                      served as inducers generating Object-Substitution Masking
                      (OSM). Participants reported the average size of multiple
                      circles using the size-averaging paradigm, allowing us to
                      test the contribution of masked and non-masked central
                      target circles. Our Ebbinghaus illusion variant altered
                      perceived stimulus size and showed robust masking via OSM.
                      Furthermore, size-averaging was sensitive enough to detect
                      perceived size changes in the magnitude of the ones induced
                      by the Ebbinghaus illusion. Finally, combining all three
                      paradigms, we observed that masked and non-masked stimuli
                      contributed to size averaging in a size-rescaled manner. In
                      a control experiment testing the general effects of
                      Ebbinghaus inducers, we observed a contrast-like effect on
                      size averaging. Large inducers decreased the perceived
                      average size, while small inducers increased it. In summary,
                      our experiments indicate that context integration, induced
                      by the Ebbinghaus illusion, alters size representations at
                      an early stage. These modified size representations are
                      independent of whether a target is recognisable. Moreover,
                      perceived average size appears to be coded relative to
                      surrounding perceptual groups.Keywords: Context integration;
                      Ebbinghaus illusion; Object-substitution masking (OSM);
                      Rescaled size perception in masked objects; Size averaging;
                      Size illusion.},
      cin          = {INM-3},
      ddc          = {150},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)INM-3-20090406},
      pnm          = {5251 - Multilevel Brain Organization and Variability
                      (POF4-525) / DFG project G:(GEPRIS)491111487 -
                      Open-Access-Publikationskosten / 2025 - 2027 /
                      Forschungszentrum Jülich (OAPKFZJ) (491111487)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-5251 / G:(GEPRIS)491111487},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {39671981},
      UT           = {WOS:001388874100001},
      doi          = {10.1016/j.cognition.2024.106041},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/1035384},
}