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001037240 1001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aKonitsioti, Agni M.$$b0$$eFirst author
001037240 245__ $$aChimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy for autoimmune diseases of the central nervous system: a systematic literature review
001037240 260__ $$a[Darmstadt]$$bSteinkopff$$c2024
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001037240 520__ $$aImportance: B-cell-targeting monoclonal antibodies have demonstrated safety and efficacy in multiple sclerosis or anti-aquaporin-4 IgG positive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder. However, these therapies do not facilitate drug-free remission, which may become possible with cell-based therapies, including chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells. CAR T-cell therapy holds promise for addressing other antibody-mediated CNS disorders, e.g., MOG-associated disease or autoimmune encephalitis.Objective: To provide an overview of the current clinical knowledge on CAR T-cell therapy in central nervous system autoimmunity.Evidence review: We searched PubMed, Embase, Google Scholar, PsycINFO, and clinicaltrials.gov using the terms 'CAR T cell' and 'multiple sclerosis/MS' or 'neuromyelitis optica/spectrum diseases/NMOSD' or 'MOG-associated disease/MOGAD 'or' autoimmune encephalitis' or 'neuroimmunology'.Findings: An ongoing phase I clinical trial has indicated the safety and benefits of anti-BCMA CAR T cells in 12 patients with AQP4-IgG seropositive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder. Case reports involving two individuals with progressive multiple sclerosis and one patient with stiff-person syndrome demonstrated a manageable safety profile following treatment with anti-CD19 CAR T cells. Recruitment has commenced for two larger studies in MS, and a phase I open-label basket study is underway to evaluate BCMA-directed CAR T cells in various antibody-associated inflammatory diseases, including MOG-associated disease. Preclinical research on NMDA receptor antibody autoimmune encephalitis treated with chimeric autoantibody receptor T cells generated promising data.Conclusions and relevance: There is minimal evidence of the benefits of CAR T-cell therapy in individuals with central nervous system-directed autoimmunity. Nevertheless, multicenter controlled clinical trials with a manageable safety profile appear feasible and are warranted due to very promising case experiences.Keywords: Antibody-mediated CNS disorders; CAR T-cell therapy; Central nervous system autoimmunity; Multiple sclerosis; NMOSD.
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001037240 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aPrüss, Harald$$b1
001037240 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aLaurent, Sarah$$b2
001037240 7001_ $$0P:(DE-Juel1)131720$$aFink, Gereon Rudolf$$b3$$ufzj
001037240 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aHeesen, Christoph$$b4
001037240 7001_ $$00000-0002-3510-9255$$aWarnke, Clemens$$b5$$eCorresponding author
001037240 773__ $$0PERI:(DE-600)1421299-7$$a10.1007/s00415-024-12642-4$$gVol. 271, no. 10, p. 6526 - 6542$$n10$$p6526 - 6542$$tJournal of neurology$$v271$$x0367-004X$$y2024
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